發展

See also: 发展 and 発展

Chinese

		to send out; to show (one's feeling); to issue to send out; to show (one's feeling); to issue; to develop	to spread out; to postpone; to unfold to spread out; to postpone; to unfold; to use
trad. (發展)		發	展
simp. (发展)		发	展

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): fāzhǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄚㄓㄢˇ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фаҗан (fažan, I-II)
Cantonese (Jyutping): faat³ zin²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fat-chán
Min Dong (BUC): huák-diēng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hoat-tián

(Teochew, Peng'im): huêg⁴ diêng² / huag⁴ diang²
Wu (Wiktionary): ⁴faq-tsoe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fāzhǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄚㄓㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fajhǎn
  - Wade–Giles: fa¹-chan³
  - Yale: fā-jǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fajaan
  - Palladius: фачжань (fačžanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фаҗан (fažan, I-II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fa²⁴ ʈ͡ʂæ̃⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: faat³ zin²
  - Yale: faat jín
  - Cantonese Pinyin: faat⁸ dzin²
  - Guangdong Romanization: fad³ jin²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːt̚³ t͡siːn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fat-chán
  - Hakka Romanization System: fad` zan`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fad⁵ zan³
  - Sinological IPA: /fat̚² t͡san³¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: huák-diēng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ tieŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoat-tián
  - Tâi-lô: huat-tián
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoatdiern
  - IPA (Xiamen): /huat̚³²⁻⁴ tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiɛn⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /huat̚³²⁻⁵ tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /huat̚³²⁻⁴ tiɛn⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /huat̚³²⁻⁴ tiɛn⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: huêg⁴ diêng² / huag⁴ diang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huek tiéng / huak tiáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /huek̚²⁻⁴ tieŋ⁵²/, /huak̚²⁻⁴ tiaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ⁴faq-tsoe
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fa̱ʔ³³ t͡sø⁴⁴/

Verb

發展

(ergative) to develop; to expand; to grow
發展起來／发展起来 ― fāzhǎn qǐlai ― to begin to develop

大力發展／大力发展 ― dàlì fāzhǎn ― to strive to develop

快速發展／快速发展 ― kuàisù fāzhǎn ― to develop rapidly

發展壯大／发展壮大 ― fāzhǎn zhuàngdà ― to thrive

發展太陽能／发展太阳能 ― fāzhǎn tàiyángnéng ― to develop solar energy

再發展／再发展 ― zài fāzhǎn ― redevelopment

健康發展／健康发展 ― jiànkāng fāzhǎn ― sound development

智力發展／智力发展 ― zhìlì fāzhǎn ― intellectual development

發展不平衡／发展不平衡 ― fāzhǎn bù pínghéng ― unbalanced development

社會經濟發展／社会经济发展 ― shèhuì jīngjì fāzhǎn ― socio-economic development

融合發展／融合发展 ― rónghé fāzhǎn ― integrated development

協同發展／协同发展 ― xiétóng fāzhǎn ― coordinated development

推動社會發展／推动社会发展 ― tuīdòng shèhuì fāzhǎn ― to promote the development of society

中國高鐵的發展領先世界。 [MSC, trad.]
中国高铁的发展领先世界。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhōngguó gāotiě de fāzhǎn lǐngxiān shìjiè. [Pinyin]
China is leading the world in high-speed rail.

在 20 世紀 60 年代，美國人工智能出現了爆發性的發展。 [MSC, trad.]
在 20 世纪 60 年代，美国人工智能出现了爆发性的发展。 [MSC, simp.]
Zài èrshí shìjì liùshí niándài, Měiguó réngōng zhìnéng chūxiàn le bàofāxìng de fāzhǎn. [Pinyin]
The United States saw an explosive development in artificial intelligence during the 1960s.

現在這個時局會如何發展呢？ [MSC, trad.]
现在这个时局会如何发展呢？ [MSC, simp.]
Xiànzài zhège shíjú huì rúhé fāzhǎn ne? [Pinyin]
How will the current political situation develop?
(intransitive) to develop (on a personal level); to grow
到臺灣發展／到台湾发展 ― dào Táiwān fāzhǎn ― to move to Taiwan for personal development
(transitive) to admit; to recruit (new members)

Synonyms

(to develop):

edit

拓展 (tuòzhǎn)
嬗變／嬗变 (shànbiàn) (literary)
流變／流变 (liúbiàn)

滋長／滋长 (zīzhǎng) (figurative, of an abstract thing)
演變／演变 (yǎnbiàn)

Derived terms

可持續發展／可持续发展 (kěchíxù fāzhǎn)
發展中／发展中 (fāzhǎnzhōng)
發展史／发展史 (fāzhǎnshǐ)

發展權／发展权 (fāzhǎnquán)
經濟合作與發展組織／经济合作与发展组织 (Jīngjì Hézuò Yǔ Fāzhǎn Zǔzhī)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (發展):

→ Japanese: 発展(はってん) (hatten)
→ Korean: 발전(發展) (baljeon)
→ Vietnamese: phát triển (發展)

Others:

→ Zhuang: fazcanj

Japanese

Kanji in this term
發	展
はつ > はっ Hyōgaiji	てん Grade: 6
on’yomi

Noun

發(はっ)展(てん) • (hatten)

Kyūjitai form of 発展: development

Verb

發(はっ)展(てん)する • (hatten suru) suru (stem 發(はっ)展(てん)し (hatten shi), past 發(はっ)展(てん)した (hatten shita))

Kyūjitai form of 発展: to develop

Conjugation

Conjugation of "發展する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	發展し	はってんし	hatten shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	發展し	はってんし	hatten shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	發展する	はってんする	hatten suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	發展する	はってんする	hatten suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	發展すれ	はってんすれ	hatten sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	發展せよ¹ 發展しろ²	はってんせよ¹ はってんしろ²	hatten seyo¹ hatten shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	發展される	はってんされる	hatten sareru
Causative	發展させる發展さす	はってんさせるはってんさす	hatten saseru hatten sasu
Potential	發展できる	はってんできる	hatten dekiru
Volitional	發展しよう	はってんしよう	hatten shiyō
Negative	發展しない	はってんしない	hatten shinai
Negative continuative	發展せず	はってんせず	hatten sezu
Formal	發展します	はってんします	hatten shimasu
Perfective	發展した	はってんした	hatten shita
Conjunctive	發展して	はってんして	hatten shite
Hypothetical conditional	發展すれば	はってんすれば	hatten sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
發	展

Noun

發展 • (baljeon) (hangeul 발전)

Hanja form^? of 발전 (“development”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
發	展

Noun

發展

chữ Hán form of phát triển (“development”).

Verb

發展

chữ Hán form of phát triển (“to develop; to expand”).

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