皮革

Chinese

		leather; skin; fur	leather; remove
simp. and trad. (皮革)		皮	革

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pígé

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˊ ㄍㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pei⁴ gaak³, pei⁴ gaap³
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): phêr-kiak / phê-kek / phôe-kek

(Teochew, Peng'im): puê⁵ gêg⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: pígé
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊ ㄍㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: pígé
  - Wade–Giles: pʻi²-ko²
  - Yale: pí-gé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyiger
  - Palladius: пигэ (pigɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi³⁵ kɤ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: pei⁴ gaak³, pei⁴ gaap³
  - Yale: pèih gaak, pèih gaap
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pei⁴ gaak⁸, pei⁴ gaap⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: péi⁴ gag³, péi⁴ gab³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰei̯²¹ kaːk̚³/, /pʰei̯²¹ kaːp̚³/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    皮夾／皮夹
    皮革
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phêr-kiak
  - Tâi-lô: phêr-kiak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰə²⁴⁻²² kiak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phê-kek
  - Tâi-lô: phê-kik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phe'keg
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰe²⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phôe-kek
  - Tâi-lô: phuê-kik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoe'keg
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰue¹³⁻²² kiɪk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰue²³⁻³³ kiɪk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: puê⁵ gêg⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuê kek
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kek̚²/

Middle Chinese: /bˠiᴇ kˠɛk̚/

Rime
Character	皮	革
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	支 (13)	耕 (119)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	符羈切	古核切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠiᴇ/	/kˠɛk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚiɛ/	/kᵚæk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biɛ/	/kɐk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bjiə̆/	/kəɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/bje/	/kɛk̚/
Wang Li	/bǐe/	/kæk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱie̯/	/kæk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pí	ge
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pei⁴	gak¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-[p](r)aj kˤrək/

(Zhengzhang): /*bral krɯːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	皮	革	革
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pí	gé	gé
Middle Chinese	‹ bje ›	‹ kɛk ›	‹ kɛk ›
Old Chinese	/*m-[p](r)aj/	/*kˁrək/	/*kˁrək/
English	skin	hide, skin	change (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	皮	革
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9711	3835
Phonetic component	皮	革
Rime group	歌	職
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	皮	隔
Old Chinese	/*bral/	/*krɯːɡ/

Noun

皮革

leather; hide

Related terms

毛皮 (máopí)
獸皮／兽皮 (shòupí)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (皮革):

→ Japanese: 皮(ひ)革(かく) (hikaku)
→ Korean: 피혁(皮革) (pihyeok)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
皮	革
ひ Grade: 3	かく Grade: 6
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ひかく [hìkákú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
(Tokyo) ひかく [hìkáꜜkù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1][2]
IPA^(key): [çi̥ka̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

皮(ひ)革(かく) • (hikaku)

leather, hide (skin of an animal)

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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