emptied; leisure; air emptied; leisure; air; sky; empty; in vain |
marquis | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (空侯) | 空 | 侯 | |
| simp. #(空侯) | 空 | 侯 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 空 | 侯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 溪 (29) | 匣 (33) |
| Final (韻) | 東 (1) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 苦紅切 | 戸鉤切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/kʰuŋ/ | /ɦəu/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/kʰuŋ/ | /ɦəu/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/kʰuŋ/ | /ɣəu/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/kʰəwŋ/ | /ɦəw/ |
| Li Rong |
/kʰuŋ/ | /ɣu/ |
| Wang Li |
/kʰuŋ/ | /ɣəu/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/kʰuŋ/ | /ɣə̯u/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
kōng | hóu |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
hung1 | hau4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 空 | 侯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
kōng | hóu |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ khuwng › | ‹ huw › |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʰˁoŋ/ | /*[ɡ]ˁ(r)o/ |
| English | hollow, empty; hole | feudal lord |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 空 | 侯 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4034 | 5139 |
| Phonetic component |
工 | 侯 |
| Rime group |
東 | 侯 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
空 | |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʰoːŋ/ | /*ɡoː/ |
| Notes | 矦隸變 | |