aga
English
Noun
aga (plural agas)
- Alternative spelling of agha
- 1775, Chandler, Richard, Travels in Asia Minor, or, An account of a tour made at the expense of the Society of Dilettanti, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 229:
- They were headed by a Chiauſh or the Meſſinger of an Aga, who commanded in a ſmall village to the weſt of Pambouk.
-
Anagrams
Asi
Bikol Central
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Philippine *ága.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: a‧ga
- IPA(key): /ˈʔaɡa/
Audio (BCL) (file)
Derived terms
- aro-aga
- kaagahan
- pagkaaga
Bola
References
- Brent Wiebe, Bola (Bola-Bakovi) Language Organized Phonology Data, p. 2
Cornish
Alternative forms
- (short form) gà
- (following some prepositions) -'ga
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ˈæɡə/
Eskayan
Estonian
French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish آغا (ağa, “lord, master”).
Further reading
- “aga”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician
Hungarian
Etymology
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آغا (aghā, “lord”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɒɡɒ]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: aga
- Rhymes: -ɡɒ
Noun
aga (plural agák)
- agha
- A koppányi aga testamentuma (the title of a 1937 novel by István Fekete, cinematized in 1967[1])
- The Testament of Koppány’s Agha
Declension
| Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | aga | agák |
| accusative | agát | agákat |
| dative | agának | agáknak |
| instrumental | agával | agákkal |
| causal-final | agáért | agákért |
| translative | agává | agákká |
| terminative | agáig | agákig |
| essive-formal | agaként | agákként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | agában | agákban |
| superessive | agán | agákon |
| adessive | agánál | agáknál |
| illative | agába | agákba |
| sublative | agára | agákra |
| allative | agához | agákhoz |
| elative | agából | agákból |
| delative | agáról | agákról |
| ablative | agától | agáktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
agáé | agáké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
agáéi | agákéi |
| Possessive forms of aga | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | agám | agáim |
| 2nd person sing. | agád | agáid |
| 3rd person sing. | agája | agái |
| 1st person plural | agánk | agáink |
| 2nd person plural | agátok | agáitok |
| 3rd person plural | agájuk | agáik |
References
Further reading
- aga in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- aga in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)
Icelandic
Etymology
See the noun agi (“discipline”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaːɣa/
- Rhymes: -aːɣa
Verb
aga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative agaði, supine agað)
- (transitive, with accusative) to discipline
Conjugation
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að aga | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
agað | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
agandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég aga | við ögum | present (nútíð) |
ég agi | við ögum |
| þú agar | þið agið | þú agir | þið agið | ||
| hann, hún, það agar | þeir, þær, þau aga | hann, hún, það agi | þeir, þær, þau agi | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég agaði | við öguðum | past (þátíð) |
ég agaði | við öguðum |
| þú agaðir | þið öguðuð | þú agaðir | þið öguðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það agaði | þeir, þær, þau öguðu | hann, hún, það agaði | þeir, þær, þau öguðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
aga (þú) | agið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| agaðu | agiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að agast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
agast | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
agandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég agast | við ögumst | present (nútíð) |
ég agist | við ögumst |
| þú agast | þið agist | þú agist | þið agist | ||
| hann, hún, það agast | þeir, þær, þau agast | hann, hún, það agist | þeir, þær, þau agist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég agaðist | við öguðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég agaðist | við öguðumst |
| þú agaðist | þið öguðust | þú agaðist | þið öguðust | ||
| hann, hún, það agaðist | þeir, þær, þau öguðust | hann, hún, það agaðist | þeir, þær, þau öguðust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
agast (þú) | agist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| agastu | agisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
agaður | öguð | agað | agaðir | agaðar | öguð | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
agaðan | agaða | agað | agaða | agaðar | öguð | |
| dative (þágufall) |
öguðum | agaðri | öguðu | öguðum | öguðum | öguðum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
agaðs | agaðrar | agaðs | agaðra | agaðra | agaðra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
agaði | agaða | agaða | öguðu | öguðu | öguðu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
agaða | öguðu | agaða | öguðu | öguðu | öguðu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
agaða | öguðu | agaða | öguðu | öguðu | öguðu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
agaða | öguðu | agaða | öguðu | öguðu | öguðu | |
Related terms
- agi (“discipline, constraint”)
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈaɡa]
- Hyphenation: aga
Etymology 1
From Malay aga, from Classical Malay اڬ (aga).
Derived terms
- beraga
- keagaan
- mengagakan
Related terms
Etymology 2
From Kulisusu [Term?].
Noun
aga (first-person possessive agaku, second-person possessive agamu, third-person possessive aganya)
- fish louse (Argulus spp.).
- Synonym: kutu ikan
Related terms
Further reading
- “aga” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Irish
Etymology
Variant form of eang with semantic narrowing.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaɡə/
Declension
Fourth declension
|
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Derived terms
- agaigh (“space out, stagger”, verb)
Mutation
| Irish mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| aga | n-aga | haga | t-aga |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “aga”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Kabuverdianu
Alternative forms
- agu (Sotavento)
Etymology
From Portuguese água.
References
- Gonçalves, Manuel (2015) Capeverdean Creole-English dictionary, →ISBN
- Veiga, Manuel (2012) Dicionário Caboverdiano-Português, Instituto da Biblioteca Nacional e do Livro
Kikuyu
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aɣa/
Derived terms
(Nouns)
- mwagi class 1
(Proverbs)
- ithĩnjĩro rĩtiagaga thakame
- (kanua) karĩ mata gatiagaga wa kuuga
- ng'enda thĩ ndĩagaga mũtegi
- nyũngũ ya mũingĩ ndĩagaga mũteng'ũri
- riko na nda itiagaga
- thũ ndĩagaga mwenji
References
- Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 360. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
- Muiru, David N. (2007). Wĩrute Gĩgĩkũyũ: Marĩtwa ma Gĩgĩkũyũ Mataũrĩtwo Na Gĩthũngũ, p. 45.
Laboya
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *apa.
Ladin
Alternative forms
- ega (Cazét)
Lindu
Northern Kurdish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑːˈɡɑː/
Declension
References
- Chyet, Michael L. (2020), “aga”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 2
Northern Sotho
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jáka, a variant of Proto-Bantu *-jíbaka.
Old Frisian
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *aigan (“to possess”). Cognates include Old English āgan and Old Saxon ēgan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaːɣa/
References
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *agōną, related to agi (“terror”), from Proto-Germanic *agô, form of *agaz (“fear, dread”).
Conjugation
| infinitive | aga | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | agandi | |
| past participle | agaðr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | aga | agaða |
| 2nd-person singular | agar | agaðir |
| 3rd-person singular | agar | agaði |
| 1st-person plural | ǫgum | ǫguðum |
| 2nd-person plural | agið | ǫguðuð |
| 3rd-person plural | aga | ǫguðu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | aga | agaða |
| 2nd-person singular | agir | agaðir |
| 3rd-person singular | agi | agaði |
| 1st-person plural | agim | agaðim |
| 2nd-person plural | agið | agaðið |
| 3rd-person plural | agi | agaði |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | aga | |
| 1st-person plural | ǫgum | |
| 2nd-person plural | agið | |
| infinitive | agask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | agandisk | |
| past participle | agazk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | ǫgumk | ǫguðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | agask | agaðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | agask | agaðisk |
| 1st-person plural | ǫgumsk | ǫguðumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | agizk | ǫguðuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | agask | ǫguðusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | ǫgumk | ǫguðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | agisk | agaðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | agisk | agaðisk |
| 1st-person plural | agimsk | agaðimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | agizk | agaðizk |
| 3rd-person plural | agisk | agaðisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | agask | |
| 1st-person plural | ǫgumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | agizk | |
Related terms
References
- “aga”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈa.ɡa/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -aɡa
- Syllabification: a‧ga
Declension
References
- Elżbieta Sobol (red.), Mały słownik języka polskiego, wyd. XI, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 1994. →ISBN
Romanian
Scots
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaːɡa/, /ˈaɡək/
References
- “aga, n.” in the Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries.
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آغا (ağa) (Turkish ağa, aga).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ǎɡa/
- Hyphenation: a‧ga
Swahili
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Verb
-aga (infinitive kuaga)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -aga | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Infinitives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Imperatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tensed forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
- Passive: -agwa
Swedish
Declension
| Declension of aga | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | aga | agan | agor | agorna |
| Genitive | agas | agans | agors | agornas |
Verb
aga (present agar, preterite agade, supine agat, imperative aga)
- to beat, to punish corporally, to discipline
Conjugation
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | aga | agas | ||
| Supine | agat | agats | ||
| Imperative | aga | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | agen | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | agar | agade | agas | agades |
| Ind. plural1 | aga | agade | agas | agades |
| Subjunctive2 | age | agade | ages | agades |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | agande | |||
| Past participle | agad | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آغا (ağa).
Declension
| Declension of aga | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | aga | agan | agor | agorna |
| Genitive | agas | agans | agors | agornas |
References
Tagalog
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ága (“early; punctual”).
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: a‧ga
- IPA(key): /ˈʔaɡa/, [ˈʔa.ɣɐ]
Derived terms
- agahan
- kaumagahan
- kinaumagahan
- maaga
- maaga-aga
- maagahan
- madaling-umaga
- mag-aga
- mag-agahan
- magandang umaga
- magpaaga
- mapaaga
- paaga
- paagahin
- pang-umaga
- umaga
- umagahan
- umagahin
- umagang-umaga
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish آغا (aghā).
References
- aga in Turkish dictionaries at Türk Dil Kurumu
Yoruba
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ā.ɡà/
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ā.ɡà/
Noun
agà
Derived terms
- bàlágà (“to reach the age of puberty”)
Etymology 3

Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ā.ɡà/
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /à.ɡā/
Derived terms
- alága (“chairperson”)
