lak
English
Adverb
lak (not comparable)
- Pronunciation spelling of like, representing African-American Vernacular English.
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *laka (“bend, curve”). Cognate to Latin lax (“bait, lure, noose, slip”), laqueus (“cord, rope (as noose, slip)”).[1]
Noun
lak m
References
- Orel, Vladimir (1998) Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 211
Czech
Etymology
Derived from French lacre (“sealing wax”), from Portuguese laca.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈlak]
- Hyphenation: lak
- Rhymes: -ak
Declension
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lak/, [lɑɡ̊]
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɑk/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɑk
Etymology 1
First occurring in the late 16th century. Probably borrowed from French laque, ultimately from Persian لاک (lâk), from Hindi लाख (lākh), from Sanskrit लाक्षा (lākṣā).
Descendants
- → Papiamentu: lak, láker (dated)
Noun
lak m or n (uncountable)
- foolery, foolishness, nonsense
- 1859, "Wijsgeerig A. B. C.: H. Huisbaas", Humoristisch Album, H. Nijgh, page 59.
- […] Wie om reparatie malen / Heeft hij spoedig in zijn zak; / Zelf zal hij er niet naar talen -- / Wat hij toezegt is slechts lak; / Er is niets van hem te halen, / Zelfs al zat men zonder dak.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1859, "Wijsgeerig A. B. C.: H. Huisbaas", Humoristisch Album, H. Nijgh, page 59.
- indifference (only in lak hebben aan)
Derived terms
Etymology 3
From Middle Dutch lac, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *laka-, related to *lak(k)ōn- (“to blame, reproach”), from Proto-Indo-European *lok-néh₂-. See also Old Norse lakr (“lacking”).
Related terms
Etymology 4
From Middle Dutch lac, from Old Dutch *laka, from Proto-West Germanic *laku.
Hungarian
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *lakka (“cover, roof, shelter”), compare Finnish lakka and Estonian lakk.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈlɒk]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: lak
- Rhymes: -ɒk
Noun
lak (plural lakok)
- (archaic) habitation, abode, residence
- (poetic) dwelling
- 1843, Sándor Petőfi, Távolból (From a Distance), poem lines 1–2
- Kis lak áll a nagy Duna mentében;
- Oh mi drága e lakocska nékem!
- A small house stands along the big Danube;
- Oh how dear this tiny house is to me!
- 1872, Mór Jókai, Az arany ember (Timar’s Two Worlds), part 1, chapter 7, translated by Mrs. Hegan Kennard:
- Timár a rejtett tanya felé irányozta lépteit. A virágoskerten keresztül már látszott valami út, mely a lakhoz vezet, csakhogy azt is úgy belepte a fű, hogy a rajta járó lépése nem okozott dobajt; egész nesztelenül juthatott el a kis verandáig.
- Timar turned his steps toward the creeper-covered cottage. Through the flower-garden a path led to the house, but so covered with grass that his steps were not heard, and he could thus get as far as the little veranda quite noiselessly.
- Timár a rejtett tanya felé irányozta lépteit. A virágoskerten keresztül már látszott valami út, mely a lakhoz vezet, csakhogy azt is úgy belepte a fű, hogy a rajta járó lépése nem okozott dobajt; egész nesztelenül juthatott el a kis verandáig.
- 1843, Sándor Petőfi, Távolból (From a Distance), poem lines 1–2
Declension
The possessive forms are now more common with j, those without it being archaic. See this reference site for the possessive declensions.
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | lak | lakok |
| accusative | lakot | lakokat |
| dative | laknak | lakoknak |
| instrumental | lakkal | lakokkal |
| causal-final | lakért | lakokért |
| translative | lakká | lakokká |
| terminative | lakig | lakokig |
| essive-formal | lakként | lakokként |
| essive-modal | lakul | — |
| inessive | lakban | lakokban |
| superessive | lakon | lakokon |
| adessive | laknál | lakoknál |
| illative | lakba | lakokba |
| sublative | lakra | lakokra |
| allative | lakhoz | lakokhoz |
| elative | lakból | lakokból |
| delative | lakról | lakokról |
| ablative | laktól | lakoktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
laké | lakoké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
lakéi | lakokéi |
| Possessive forms of lak | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | lakom | lakaim lakjaim |
| 2nd person sing. | lakod | lakaid lakjaid |
| 3rd person sing. | laka lakja |
lakai lakjai |
| 1st person plural | lakunk | lakaink lakjaink |
| 2nd person plural | lakotok | lakaitok lakjaitok |
| 3rd person plural | lakuk lakjuk |
lakaik lakjaik |
Derived terms
- Abaújlak
- Acsalag (?< Acsa + lak)
- Alsóújlak
- Balatonszéplak
- Balatonújlak
- Csertalakos
- Farkaslaka
- Fertőszéplak
- Geresdlak
- Géderlak
- Illocska (< Újlak + -csa)
- Kacorlak
- Kaposújlak
- Kéttornyúlak
- Lak
- Lakhegy
- Magyarlak
- Mezőlak
- Mikosszéplak
- Nagylak
- Ormándlak
- Öreglak
- Pusztaottlaka
- Répcelak
- Rinyaújlak
- Stájerlakanina (< Stájerlak + Anina)
- Szamosújlak
- Szőlőskislak
- Tátraszéplak
- Vindornyalak
- Zalaújlak
- Zetelaka
- Zsáka (< Izsólaka)
- Zselickislak
References
- Entry #451 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
Further reading
- lak in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse lak, borrowed from Middle Low German laken, from Old Saxon lakan, from Proto-Germanic *lakaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /laːk/
- Rhymes: -aːk
Declension
Verb
lak
- first/third-person singular past indicative of leka
- Vatnið lak úr vaskinum.
- The water leaked from the sink.
- Vatnið lak úr vaskinum.
Min Nan
| For pronunciation and definitions of lak – see 落 (“to fall; to drop; to go down; to descend; etc.”). (This character, lak, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 落.) |
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lak/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ak
- Syllabification: lak
- Homophone: lag
Declension
Declension
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *lьgъkъ, from pre-Slavic *h₁ln̥gʷʰ-u-ko, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lâk/
Declension
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | lak | laka | lako | |
| genitive | laka | lake | laka | |
| dative | laku | lakoj | laku | |
| accusative | inanimate animate |
lak laka |
laku | lako |
| vocative | lak | laka | lako | |
| locative | laku | lakoj | laku | |
| instrumental | lakim | lakom | lakim | |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | laki | lake | laka | |
| genitive | lakih | lakih | lakih | |
| dative | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | |
| accusative | lake | lake | laka | |
| vocative | laki | lake | laka | |
| locative | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | |
| instrumental | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | |
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | laki | laka | lako | |
| genitive | lakog(a) | lake | lakog(a) | |
| dative | lakom(u/e) | lakoj | lakom(u/e) | |
| accusative | inanimate animate |
laki lakog(a) |
laku | lako |
| vocative | laki | laka | lako | |
| locative | lakom(e/u) | lakoj | lakom(e/u) | |
| instrumental | lakim | lakom | lakim | |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | laki | lake | laka | |
| genitive | lakih | lakih | lakih | |
| dative | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | |
| accusative | lake | lake | laka | |
| vocative | laki | lake | laka | |
| locative | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | |
| instrumental | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | lakim(a) | |
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | lakši | lakša | lakše | |
| genitive | lakšeg(a) | lakše | lakšeg(a) | |
| dative | lakšem(u) | lakšoj | lakšem(u) | |
| accusative | inanimate animate |
lakši lakšeg(a) |
lakšu | lakše |
| vocative | lakši | lakša | lakše | |
| locative | lakšem(u) | lakšoj | lakšem(u) | |
| instrumental | lakšim | lakšom | lakšim | |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | lakši | lakše | lakša | |
| genitive | lakših | lakših | lakših | |
| dative | lakšim(a) | lakšim(a) | lakšim(a) | |
| accusative | lakše | lakše | lakša | |
| vocative | lakši | lakše | lakša | |
| locative | lakšim(a) | lakšim(a) | lakšim(a) | |
| instrumental | lakšim(a) | lakšim(a) | lakšim(a) | |
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | najlakši | najlakša | najlakše | |
| genitive | najlakšeg(a) | najlakše | najlakšeg(a) | |
| dative | najlakšem(u) | najlakšoj | najlakšem(u) | |
| accusative | inanimate animate |
najlakši najlakšeg(a) |
najlakšu | najlakše |
| vocative | najlakši | najlakša | najlakše | |
| locative | najlakšem(u) | najlakšoj | najlakšem(u) | |
| instrumental | najlakšim | najlakšom | najlakšim | |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
| nominative | najlakši | najlakše | najlakša | |
| genitive | najlakših | najlakših | najlakših | |
| dative | najlakšim(a) | najlakšim(a) | najlakšim(a) | |
| accusative | najlakše | najlakše | najlakša | |
| vocative | najlakši | najlakše | najlakša | |
| locative | najlakšim(a) | najlakšim(a) | najlakšim(a) | |
| instrumental | najlakšim(a) | najlakšim(a) | najlakšim(a) | |
Related terms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lâk/
Declension
Derived terms
- (nail polish): lak za nokte
Swedish
Tat
Etymology
Akin to the synonymous Judeo-Tat lok, Azerbaijani lək, Armenian լաք (lakʿ). See the Armenian entry for more.
Further reading
- Грюнберг, А. Л. (1963) Язык североазербайджанских татов [The language of the North Azerbaijani Tats] (in Russian), Leningrad: Academy Press, pages 179a, 182b
- Soltanov, A. K.; Soltanov, M. C. (2013), “lak”, in Tati–türki, türki–tati lüğət, Baku: Qanun, page 108b
Volapük
Walloon
Etymology
Inherited from Latin lacus, from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lak/