suma
Basque
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s̺uma/, [s̺u.ma]
Declension
Declension of suma (inanimate, ending in -a)
| indefinite | singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| absolutive | suma | suma | sumak |
| ergative | sumak | sumak | sumek |
| dative | sumari | sumari | sumei |
| genitive | sumaren | sumaren | sumen |
| comitative | sumarekin | sumarekin | sumekin |
| causative | sumarengatik | sumarengatik | sumengatik |
| benefactive | sumarentzat | sumarentzat | sumentzat |
| instrumental | sumaz | sumaz | sumez |
| inessive | sumatan | suman | sumetan |
| locative | sumatako | sumako | sumetako |
| allative | sumatara | sumara | sumetara |
| terminative | sumataraino | sumaraino | sumetaraino |
| directive | sumatarantz | sumarantz | sumetarantz |
| destinative | sumatarako | sumarako | sumetarako |
| ablative | sumatatik | sumatik | sumetatik |
| partitive | sumarik | — | — |
| prolative | sumatzat | — | — |
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Declension
Declension of suma (inanimate, ending in -a)
| indefinite | singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| absolutive | suma | suma | sumak |
| ergative | sumak | sumak | sumek |
| dative | sumari | sumari | sumei |
| genitive | sumaren | sumaren | sumen |
| comitative | sumarekin | sumarekin | sumekin |
| causative | sumarengatik | sumarengatik | sumengatik |
| benefactive | sumarentzat | sumarentzat | sumentzat |
| instrumental | sumaz | sumaz | sumez |
| inessive | sumatan | suman | sumetan |
| locative | sumatako | sumako | sumetako |
| allative | sumatara | sumara | sumetara |
| terminative | sumataraino | sumaraino | sumetaraino |
| directive | sumatarantz | sumarantz | sumetarantz |
| destinative | sumatarako | sumarako | sumetarako |
| ablative | sumatatik | sumatik | sumetatik |
| partitive | sumarik | — | — |
| prolative | sumatzat | — | — |
Catalan
Derived terms
Cebuano
Etymology 2
Unknown.
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *suma, variant of Proto-Finnic *sumpa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -umɑ
- Syllabification(key): su‧ma
Noun
suma
- logjam
- Synonym: jumi
- traffic jam
- Synonym: ruuhka
- (figuratively, in compounds) accumulation, bunch
- kolarisuma ― pile-up
Declension
| Inflection of suma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | suma | sumat | ||
| genitive | suman | sumien | ||
| partitive | sumaa | sumia | ||
| illative | sumaan | sumiin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | suma | sumat | ||
| accusative | nom. | suma | sumat | |
| gen. | suman | |||
| genitive | suman | sumien sumainrare | ||
| partitive | sumaa | sumia | ||
| inessive | sumassa | sumissa | ||
| elative | sumasta | sumista | ||
| illative | sumaan | sumiin | ||
| adessive | sumalla | sumilla | ||
| ablative | sumalta | sumilta | ||
| allative | sumalle | sumille | ||
| essive | sumana | sumina | ||
| translative | sumaksi | sumiksi | ||
| instructive | — | sumin | ||
| abessive | sumatta | sumitta | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of suma (type koira) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Galician
Noun
suma f (plural sumas)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Gothic
Guinea-Bissau Creole
Etymology
Perhaps from Portuguese assim + como ("thus how").
Ingrian

Suma.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈʃumɑ]
- Rhymes: -umɑ
- Hyphenation: su‧ma
Noun
suma
- bag
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:
- Siso ompeli suman.
- Sis sewed the bag.
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:
- Valja otti suman, pani bukvarin summaa ja laati paljton päälle.
- Valja took [her] bag, put a primer into the bag and put an overcoat on.
-
Declension
| Declension of suma (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | suma | sumat |
| genitive | suman | summiin |
| partitive | summaa | summia |
| illative | summaa | summii |
| inessive | sumas | sumis |
| elative | sumast | sumist |
| allative | sumalle | sumille |
| adessive | sumal | sumil |
| ablative | sumalt | sumilt |
| translative | sumaks | sumiks |
| essive | sumanna, summaan | suminna, summiin |
| exessive1) | sumant | sumint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550
Italian
Verb
suma
- inflection of sumere:
- first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
- third-person singular imperative
Anagrams
Lithuanian
Noun
sumà f (plural sùmos) stress pattern 4
- (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
- sum (quantity of money)
- (Catholicism) noon mass on a holy day; High Mass
Declension
declension of suma
| singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (vardininkas) | sumà | sùmos |
| genitive (kilmininkas) | sumõs | sumų̃ |
| dative (naudininkas) | sùmai | sumóms |
| accusative (galininkas) | sùmą | sumàs |
| instrumental (įnagininkas) | sumà | sumomìs |
| locative (vietininkas) | sumojè | sumosè |
| vocative (šauksmininkas) | sùma | sùmos |
References
Further reading
- “suma”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2023
- “suma”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2023
Norn
Etymology
From Old Norse svimma, svima, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.
Old Norse
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsu.ma/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -uma
- Syllabification: su‧ma
Declension
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Portuguese
Romanian
Conjugation
conjugation of suma (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
| infinitive | a suma | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | sumând | ||||||
| past participle | sumat | ||||||
| number | singular | plural | |||||
| person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | sumez | sumezi | sumează | sumăm | sumați | sumează | |
| imperfect | sumam | sumai | suma | sumam | sumați | sumau | |
| simple perfect | sumai | sumași | sumă | sumarăm | sumarăți | sumară | |
| pluperfect | sumasem | sumaseși | sumase | sumaserăm | sumaserăți | sumaseră | |
| subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | să sumez | să sumezi | să sumeze | să sumăm | să sumați | să sumeze | |
| imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
| affirmative | sumează | sumați | |||||
| negative | nu suma | nu sumați | |||||
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sûma/
- Hyphenation: su‧ma
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈsu.ma]
- Rhymes: -uma
- Syllabification: su‧ma
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
suma
References
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading
- “suma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Sranan Tongo
Venda
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