thu

See also: Thu, thụ, thú, thủ, thư, thứ, thũ, þu, and thự

Aghu Tharrnggala

Noun

thu

  1. liver

Further reading
  • Barry Alpher, Connecting Thaypanic, in Land and Language in Cape York Peninsula and the Gulf Country, edited by Jean-Christophe Verstraete, Diane Hafner

German

Verb

thu

  1. singular imperative of thun

Kuku-Thaypan

Noun

thu

  1. liver

Further reading
  • Barry Alpher, Connecting Thaypanic, in Land and Language in Cape York Peninsula and the Gulf Country, edited by Jean-Christophe Verstraete, Diane Hafner

Middle English

Pronoun

thu

  1. Alternative form of þou (“thou”)

Old Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun

thu

  1. thou, you (singular)

Descendants
  • Danish: du

Old Dutch

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronoun

thū

  1. thou, you (singular)

Inflection
Old Dutch personal pronouns
1st person Singular Plural
Nominative ik, ic, ih wī, wīr
Accusative mī, mik, *mic uns, unsig
Genitive mīn unsa, *unser
Dative mī uns, unsig
2nd person Singular Plural
Nominative thu, tu gī, ir
Accusative thī, thik, *thic iu,
Genitive thīn iuwa, *iuwer
Dative thī iu
3rd person Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative hē, hie sia it
Accusative imo sia it
Genitive sīn, is iro is
Dative imo iro imo
Plural
Nominative sia, sie (masc. plur.)
Accusative sia, sie (masc. plur.)
Genitive iro
Dative im

Descendants

Further reading
  • “thū”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old Frisian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *þū. Cognates include Old English þū and Old Saxon thū.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈθuː/

Pronoun

thū

  1. thou, you (singular)

Inflection
Old Frisian personal pronoun declensions
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd m 3rd f 3rd n 1st 2nd 3rd
nominative ik thū hī hiū, hiō hit wī jī hiā
accusative mī thī hine hiā hit ūs jū, jō hiā
dative mī thī him hire, hiāre him ūs jū, jō him, hirem, hiārem
genitive mīn thīn sīn hire, hiāre sīn ūser jūwer hira, hiāra

Descendants
  • North Frisian:
    Most dialects: dü
    Halligen: du
    Heligoland: di
  • Saterland Frisian: du
  • West Frisian: do, dû

References
  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 214

Old High German

Pronoun

thū

  1. Alternative form of du

Inflection

This pronoun needs an inflection-table template.

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū.

Pronoun

thū

  1. thou, you (singular)

Declension
Old Saxon personal pronouns
Personal pronouns
Singular 1. 2. 3. m 3. f 3. n
Nominative ik thū hē siu it
Accusative mī, me, mik thī, thik ina sia
Dative mī thī imu iru it
Genitive mīn thīn is ira is
Dual 1. 2. - - -
Nominative wit git - - -
Accusative unk ink - - -
Dative
Genitive unkero, unka

inker, inka

 - - -
Plural 1. 2. 3. m 3. f 3. n
Nominative wī, we gī, ge sia sia siu
Accusative ūs, unsik eu, iu, iuu
Dative ūs im
Genitive ūser euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera iro

Descendants
  • Low German: du

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish tú. Cognates include Irish tú and Manx oo.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /u/

Pronoun

thu (emphatic thusa, unlenited tu)

  1. thou, you (singular)
    Ciamar a tha thu, a Dhànaidh? ― How are you, Danny?

Usage notes
  • thu is used to address one person in a familiar or informal situation. It is used between friends, and to people who are younger or of inferior social rank to the speaker.
  • Children are always addressed using thu.
  • It is considered distinctly impolite to address parents, grandparents, teachers, clergymen, etc. with thu, in these situations sibh is required.

Inflection
  • tu (used after verb forms ending in -n, -s or -dh)

See also
Scottish Gaelic personal pronouns
simple emphatic
singular plural singular plural
First person mi sinn mise sinne
Second person thu, tu1) sibh thusa, tusa1) sibhse
Third person m e iad esan iadsan
Third person f i ise
*) sibh and sibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns.
**) To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives of gam are used.
1) used when following a verb ending in -n, -s or -dh.

References
  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “thu”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “tú”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Vietnamese

Pronunciation
  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [tʰu˧˧]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [tʰʊw˧˧]
  • (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [tʰʊw˧˧]
  • Audio (Hà Nội)(file)

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 秋.

Noun

thu

  1. autumn; fall
    Synonym: mùa thu
    thiên/ngàn/nghìn thu
    a thousand autumns; eternity
Derived terms
See also
Seasons in Vietnamese · bốn mùa (“four seasons”) (layout · text) · category
xuân (“spring”) hè, hạ (“summer”) thu (“fall; autumn”) đông (“winter”)

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 收.

Verb

thu

  1. to get (something) back; to retrieve
  2. Short for thu âm (“to record”).
    Synonym: thâu
Derived terms
Derived terms

Welsh

Pronunciation

Noun

thu

  1. Aspirate mutation of tu.

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
tu du nhu thu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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