巧

巧 U+5DE7, 巧
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DE7
← 左
[U+5DE6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 巨 →
[U+5DE8]

Translingual

Han character

巧 (Kangxi radical 48, 工+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一一女尸 (MMVS), four-corner 11127, composition ⿰工丂)

Derived characters
  • 㚽 𢫚 㤍 𤇤 𧊌 𥬤 𥿣 䛒 𨥿 𨾢 𩈎 𩿸 䲾
  • 𫩟 𭩣 𬰗 𫶱
  • 窍 (Simplified form of 竅)

References
  • KangXi: page 325, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8721
  • Dae Jaweon: page 628, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 412, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5DE7

Chinese

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (丂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
丂 *kʰluːʔ
攷 *kʰluːʔ
考 *kʰluːʔ
烤 *kʰluːʔ
拷 *kʰluːʔ
栲 *kʰluːʔ
洘 *kʰluːʔ
銬 *kʰluːs
巧 *kʰruːʔ, *kʰruːs
朽 *qʰluʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰruːʔ, *kʰruːs) : semantic 工 + phonetic 丂 (OC *kʰluːʔ)

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 巧

Pronunciation

Note:
  • khá - vernacular (“rare but exquisite; fake; cunning”);
  • khiáu - vernacular (“ingenious; cunning; skillful; pretty”);
  • kháu - literary.
Note:
  • ka2 - vernacular;
  • kiao2/kiou2 - literary (kiou5 - Chaozhou).
Rime
Character 巧 巧
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 肴 (90) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II II
Fanqie 苦絞切 苦敎切
Baxter khaewX khaewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰˠauX/ /kʰˠauH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰᵚauX/ /kʰᵚauH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰauX/ /kʰauH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰaɨwX/ /kʰaɨwH/
Li
Rong		 /kʰauX/ /kʰauH/
Wang
Li		 /kʰauX/ /kʰauH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰauX/ /kʰauH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qiǎo qiào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 haau2 haau3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 巧
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qiǎo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khæwX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[kʰ]ˁruʔ/
English artful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 巧 巧
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 7410 7411
Phonetic
component		 丂 丂
Rime
group		 幽 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 巧 敲
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰruːʔ/ /*kʰruːs/

Definitions

巧

  1. skill; technique
  2. ingenious; skillful
  3. hypocritical; fake; cunning
  4. exquisite; elaborate
  5. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou Hokkien) pretty; beautiful
  6. opportune; coincidental
    真是太巧了！  ―  Zhēnshì tài qiǎo le!  ―  What a coincidence!
  7. fortunately; by chance
  8. (Hefei Mandarin) cheap
  9. (～日) (telegraphy) the eighteenth day of a month
  10. a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 便宜 (“cheap”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 便宜, 低廉, 低賤
Mandarin Beijing 便宜, 賤
Taiwan 便宜
Harbin 便宜, 賤
Yantai (Muping) 便宜, 賤
Jinan 便宜, 賤
Luoyang 便宜, 賤
Wanrong 便宜, 賤
Xi'an 便宜, 賤
Yinchuan 便宜
Lanzhou 便宜
Xining 便宜
Ürümqi 便宜
Wuhan 便宜, 相因
Chengdu 相因, 便宜
Guiyang 相因
Liuzhou 便宜
Xuzhou 便宜, 賤
Yangzhou 便宜, 划廉
Nanjing 便宜
Hefei 巧, 便宜
Nantong 便宜
Malaysia 便宜
Singapore 便宜
Cantonese Guangzhou 平
Hong Kong 平
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 平
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 平
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 平
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 平
Macau 平
Guangzhou (Panyu) 平
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 平
Guangzhou (Conghua) 平
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 平
Foshan 平
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 平
Foshan (Shunde) 平
Foshan (Sanshui) 平
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 便宜, 平
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 平
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 平
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 平
Zhuhai (Doumen) 平
Jiangmen (Baisha) 平
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 平
Taishan 平
Kaiping (Chikan) 平
Enping (Niujiang) 平
Heshan (Yayao) 平
Dongguan 平
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 平
Qingyuan 平
Fogang 平
Yingde (Hanguang) 平
Yangshan 平, 便宜
Lianshan (Butian) 平
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 平宜
Shaoguan 平
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 平
Renhua 平, 抵得
Lechang 平
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 平
Sihui 平
Guangning 平枯
Deqing 平
Huaiji 平
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 平
Yunfu 平
Xinxing 平
Luoding 平
Yunan (Pingtai) 平
Yangjiang 平, 平宜
Nanning 平
Yulin 平
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 平
Singapore (Guangfu) 平
Gan Nanchang 便宜
Lichuan 便宜
Pingxiang 便宜
Hakka Meixian 便宜, 平
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 便宜, 平
Dongguan (Qingxi) 平
Boluo (Bendihua) 平, 便宜
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 平
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 平
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 平
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 便宜
Wuhua (Huacheng) 便宜, 平
Wuhua (Changbu) 平
Wuhua (Mianyang) 便宜
Heyuan (Bendihua) 平, 便宜
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 平, 便宜
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 便宜
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 平, 便宜
Conghua (Lütian) 便宜
Jiexi 便宜
Yudu 便宜
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 便宜
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 便宜
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 便宜
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 便宜
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 便宜
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 便宜
Hong Kong 平
Sabah (Longchuan) 便宜
Senai (Huiyang) 便宜
Singkawang 便宜
Huizhou Jixi 便宜
Jin Taiyuan 便宜, 賤
Xinzhou 便宜, 賤
Min Bei Jian'ou 便宜
Min Dong Fuzhou 便宜, 賤
Matsu 便宜
Min Nan Xiamen 俗, 便宜
Quanzhou 俗, 便宜
Zhangzhou 俗, 便宜
Taipei 俗
New Taipei (Sanxia) 俗
Kaohsiung 俗
Yilan 俗, 便宜
Changhua (Lukang) 俗
Taichung 俗
Taichung (Wuqi) 俗
Tainan 俗
Taitung 俗
Hsinchu 俗
Kinmen 俗
Penghu (Magong) 俗, 便宜
Penang (Hokkien) 便宜
Singapore (Hokkien) 偏
Manila (Hokkien) 俗
Chaozhou 便
Shantou 便
Jieyang 便
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 便
Singapore (Teochew) 便
Wenchang 便宜
Haikou 便宜
Qionghai 便宜
Singapore (Hainanese) 便宜
Puxian Min Putian 相因
Xianyou 相因
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 平
Sanxiang 平
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 平
Wu Shanghai 便宜, 𠼢
Shanghai (Chongming) 便宜, 𠼢
Suzhou 便宜, 𠼢
Danyang 便宜, 賤
Hangzhou 便宜, 賤
Ningbo 便宜
Wenzhou 鬆, 便宜
Jinhua 便宜, 賤
Xiang Changsha 便宜
Loudi 便宜
Shuangfeng 便宜, 賤
Dialectal synonyms of 聰明 (“clever; intelligent; smart; bright”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 聰明, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 聰明, 機靈, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎, 聰慧
Mandarin Beijing 聰明
Taiwan 聰明
Jinan 聰明
Xi'an 靈, 靈醒
Wuhan 聰明
Chengdu 精靈, 聰明
Guilin 聰明
Yangzhou 聰明
Hefei 聰明
Malaysia 聰明
Singapore 聰明
Cantonese Guangzhou 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
Hong Kong 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
Taishan 聰明, 叻, 參
Kaiping (Chikan) 叻
Yangjiang 伶俐, 叻
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 精, 扮𠮨
Singapore (Guangfu) 聰明, 精, 叻, 醒目, 扮𠮨
Gan Nanchang 精靈, 聰明
Hakka Meixian 聰明, 機靈
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 聰明
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 聰明
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 聰明
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 聰明, 精
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 聰明, 精
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 聰明
Kuching (Hepo) 將
Jin Taiyuan 機靈, 聰明
Min Bei Jian'ou 聰明
Min Dong Fuzhou 聰明
Min Nan Xiamen 聰明
Quanzhou 聰明, 骨鳥 derogatory
Zhangzhou 聰明
Taipei 聰明, 巧, 明白
Singapore (Hokkien) 聰明, 𠢕, 勥, 醒目, 巧
Manila (Hokkien) 巧, 勥, 𠢕
Chaozhou 聰明
Singapore (Teochew) 聰明
Wenchang 精
Singapore (Hainanese) 精
Wu Suzhou 聰明
Ningbo 聰明
Wenzhou 靈, 聰明
Xiang Changsha 靈泛, 聰明
Shuangfeng 聰明

Compounds
Derived terms from 巧

Etymology 2
simp. and trad.
 巧
alternative forms 蹺／跷
竅／窍
橋／桥
嘺／𪡀
𫣹

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Definitions

巧

  1. (Cantonese) opportune; coincidental

Compounds
  • 咁啱得咁巧

Etymology 3

Pronunciation borrowed from Mandarin 好 (hǎo), tone from Cantonese 好 (hou2).

Pronunciation

Definitions

巧

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, leetspeak or sarcastic) Alternative form of 好.

Japanese

Kanji
巧

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. clever, skillful

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
巧
たく(み)
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Proper noun

巧(たくみ) • (Takumi) 

  1. a male given name

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
巧
こう
Grade: S
on’yomi

Proper noun

巧(こう) • (Kō) ←かう (kau)?

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

巧 (eumhun 공교할 교 (gonggyohal gyo))

  1. Hanja form? of 교 (“skillful, ingenious, clever”).

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

巧: Hán Nôm readings: xảo

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.