ܫܥܬܐ

From Aramaic שָׁעְתָא‎ (šāʿəṯā); related to Arabic سَاعَة‎ (sāʕa) and Hebrew שָׁעָה‎ (sha'á). Doublet of ܣܵܥܲܬ‎ (sāʿat).

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ʃɑʕːtɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [ʃɑʔːtɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʃeːθɑː]

ܫܵܥܬܵܐ • (šāʿtā) f sg (plural ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ‎ (šāʿē) or ܫܵܥܵܬܹ̈ܐ (šāʿātē))

1. An hour (a period of time, sixty minutes)

   ‏ܐܝܼܬ ܐܸܫܬܝܼ ܕܲܩܝܼܩܹ̈ܐ ܓܵܘ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ.‎‎

   īt ištī daqīqē gāw šāʿtā.

   There are sixty minutes in an hour.

   ‏ܡܵܛܲܚ ܒܚܲܡܸܫ ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ.‎‎

   We will arrive in five hours.

   ‏ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܛܵܪܹܝܬ ܬ݇ܚܘܿܬ ܬܡܵܢܝܼ ܟܝܼܠܘܿܡܹܛܪܹ̈ܐ ܓܵܘ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܠܕܗ̇ܝ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ.‎‎

   wālē d-ṭārēt ḥot tmānī kilomēṭrē gāw šāʿtā l-d-ay urḥā.

   You must drive under eighty kilometers per hour on this road.

   • Matthew 24:36:

     ‏ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܠܗ̇ܘ ܝܵܘܡܵܐ ܘܠܗ̇ܝ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܐܘܼܦ ܚܲܕ݇ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܠܹܐ ܝܵܕܹܥ، ܘܐܘܼܦ ܠܵܐ ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܕܫܡܲܝܵܐ، ܐܸܠܵܐ ܒܵܒܵܐ ܒܢܲܦ̮ܫܹܗ.‎‎

     īnā l-aw yāwmā w-l-ay šāʿtā up ḥa nāšā lē yādēʿ, w-ʾup lā mallaʾḵē d-šmayā, illā bābā b-nafšēh.

     But of that day and that hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, but My Father only.

2. (by extension) The time.

   ‏ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܟܡܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇؟‎‎ ― šāʿtā kmā ìlāh? ― What time is it? (literally, “how much is the hour?”)

   ‏ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܬܡܵܢܹܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇.‎‎ ― šāʿtā d-tmānē ìlāh. ― It's eight o'clock. (literally, “It is the hour of eight.”)

   ‏ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܫܒ݂ܲܥ ܘܥܸܣܪܝܼ ܘܬܸܫܥܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇.‎‎ ― šāʿtā d-šḇaʿ w-ʿisrī w-tišʿā ìlāh. ― It's seven twenty-nine. (literally, “It is the hour of seven and twenty-nine.”)

   ‏ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܬܠܵܬ ܘܪܘܼܒ݂ܥܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇.‎‎ ― šāʿtā d-tlāt w-ruḇʿā ìlāh. ― It's three fifteen. (literally, “It is the hour of three and a quarter.”)

   ‏ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܚܕܲܥܸܣܪܹܐ ܘܦܲܠܓܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇.‎‎ ― šāʿtā d-ḥdaʿisrē w-palgā ìlāh. ― It's eleven thirty. (literally, “It is the hour of eleven and a half.”)

   • Luke 23:44:

     ‏ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܬܲܪܬܲܥܸܣܪܹܐ ܕܛܲܗܪܵܐ، ܗ݇ܘܹܐ ܠܹܐ ܚܸܫܟܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܟܠܵܗ̇ ܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܗܲܠ ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܕܬܠܵܬ ܡ̣ܢ ܒܲܬ݇ܪ ܛܲܗܪܵܐ‎

     ayḵ šāʿtā d-tartaʿisrē d-ṭahrā, wē lē ḥiškā ʿal kullāh arʿā hal šāʿtā d-tlāt min bar ṭahrā

     Now it was about the sixth hour (twelfth hour at noon) and there was darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour (third hour in the afternoon).

3. timepiece, clock, watch.

   ‏ܟܹܐ ܡܲܚܸܒܸܢܵܗ̇ ܫܵܥܬܘܼܟ݂ ܫܲܦܝܼܪܬܵܐ.‎‎

   kē maḵibennāh šāʿtoḵ šapīrtā.

   I love your beautiful watch.

• Since ܫܵܥܬܵܐ (šāʿtā) is feminine, the numbers with gendered forms display feminine gender agreement when they refer to the hour of the day. However, in colloquial Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, masculine numbers are often used regardless.
• Masculine numbers are always used for the minutes as ܕܲܩܝܼܩܵܐ‎ (daqīqā) is grammatically masculine.

• ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܪܲܒܬܵܐ‎ (šāʿtā rabtā, “clock”)
• ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܚܝܼܙܵܝܬܵܐ‎ (šāʿtā ḥīzāytā, “hourglass”)
• ܫܵܥܬܵܐ ܡܙܲܗܪܵܢܝܼܬܵܐ‎ (šāʿtā mzahrānītā, “alarm clock”)

Compare Arabic سَاعَة‎ (sāʕa) and Hebrew שָׁעָה‎ (šāʿâ).

• IPA^(key): [ʃɑʕ(ə)θɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʃɑʕe(ʔ)], [ʃɑʕɑθɑ(ʔ)] (plural)

ܫܥܬܐ • (šāʿṯāʾ) f (plural ܫܥܬܐ or ܫܥܐ‎)

1. hour (60 minutes)
2. time, o'clock
3. moment
4. season
5. (astronomy) angle, degree
6. (astronomy) ascendant
7. unit of weight equal to 5 oz.
8. (astrology) horoscope

• Usually, the plural ܫܥܐ‎ (šāʿēʾ) is a paucal plural (from two to ten) while the plural ܫܥܬܐ‎ (šāʿāṯāʾ) is a multiple plural (eleven or more).
• The absolute singular form ܫܥ‎ (šāʿ) only occurs in the compound ܟܠܫܥ‎ (kolšāʿ, “always”).

From the root ܫ-ܥ-ܐ‎ (š-ʿ-ʾ) related to playing.

• IPA^(key): [ʃ(ə)ʕɑθɑ(ʔ)] (singular and plural)

ܫܥܬܐ • (šʿāṯāʾ) f (plural ܫܥܬܐ)

1. amusement, joke
2. laughing stock
3. play, game
4. sport
5. spectacle

• “šˁh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pp. 363a, 375b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 588a, 598a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 1584b-1585a

From Aramaic ܫܥܬܐ‎ (šāʿṯā). Doublet of ܣܰܥܰܐ‎ (saca), an Arabic borrowing.

• IPA^(key): /ʃoʕθo/

ܫܳܥܬ݂ܳܐ • (šocṯo) f (plural ܫܳܥܶܐ‎ (šoce))

1. hour

   Synonym: ܣܰܥܰܐ‎ (saca)

• ܫܰܬܳܐ‎ (šato, “year”)
• ܝܰܪܚܳܐ‎ (yarḥo, “month”)
• ܫܰܒܬ݂ܳܐ‎ (šabṯo, “week”)
• ܝܰܘܡܳܐ‎ (yawmo, “day”)
• ܕܰܩܩܰܐ‎ (daqqa, “minute”), ܩܰܛܷܢܬܳܐ‎ (qaṭënto, “minute”)
• ܨܰܢܝـܝܶܐ‎ (ṣaniye, “second”), ܪܦܳܦܳܐ‎ (rfofo, “second”)