京城

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

京城

1. (literary) capital city (of a country)

   • 董卓乃豺狼也，引入京城，必食人矣。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, circa 14^th century CE

     Dǒng Zhuó nǎi cháiláng yě, yǐnrù jīngchéng, bì shí rén yǐ. [Pinyin]

     Dong Zhuo is a wolf and a jackal, if he enters the capital, it will most certainly be people that he devours.

   • 辛丑年紅賊據京城，王移福州。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]

     From: late 15th c., 金時習 (Kim Si-seup), 《李生窺牆傳》, 《金鰲新話》

     Sinchung-nyeon Hongjeok geo gyeongseong, wang i Bokju. [Sino-Korean]

     In the sinchuk year [1361], the Red Bandits occupied the capital [of Korea]; the king fled to Bokju.

When translating the English term capital city, use 首都 (shǒudū) when referring to the capital of a country, 首府 (shǒufǔ) when referring to the capital of a state or autonomous region, and 省會／省会 (shěnghuì) when referring to the capital of a province. Alternative terms for the capital of a country include 國都／国都 (guódū), 京城 (jīngchéng), 京都 (jīngdū), 京邑 (jīngyì) and 都城 (dūchéng) all of which are more commonly used in literary language. The term 京城 (jīngchéng) is most commonly used in historical dramas set in Imperial China.

Others:

• → Zhuang: gingsingz

• 省會／省会 (shěnghuì)
• 首府 (shǒufǔ)

京城

1. (historical) (Japanese colonial era) Seoul, Gyeongseong or Keijō

From Old Japanese. First cited to a text from 706.[1] In turn, from Middle Chinese 京城 (MC kˠiæŋ d͡ʑiᴇŋ, literally “capital + city, town”).

Possibly encountered in older texts with the reading きょうじょう (kyōjō),[1] using the older goon pronunciation for both characters.

Use to refer to Seoul was based in part on the older name 漢城 (Hanseong),[1] and in part on the Japanese sense of "imperial capital", in referring to the city as the center of administration under the Japanese Empire.[2] The city was also informally called 京城 (Gyeongseong) in Korean during the Joseon dynasty (1392–1897).[3][4] See also Names_of_Seoul#Gyeongseong on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• (Tokyo) けーじょー [kèéjóó] (Heiban – [0])[5]
• IPA^(key): [ke̞ːʑo̞ː]

• Audio

  (file)

京(けい)城(じょう) • (keijō) ^{←けいじやう (keizyau)?}

1. [from 706] the emperor's residence, the imperial palace
2. [from 706] the capital, especially within an empire

京(けい)城(じょう) • (Keijō) ^{←けいじやう (keizyau)?}

1. [1910–1945] (historical) (Japanese colonial era) Seoul, also known as Gyeongseong (the Korean reading of these same Chinese characters) and Keijō

   京城(けいじょう)帝国大学(ていこくだいがく)

   Keijō Teikoku Daigaku

   Keijō Imperial University

The older goon pronunciation. Not used in modern Japanese, but possibly still encountered in older texts.[1]

• IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ːʑo̞ː]

京(きょう)城(じょう) • (kyōjō) ^{←きやうじやう (kyauzyau)?}

1. [706–???] (obsolete) the emperor's residence, the imperial palace
2. [706–???] (obsolete) the capital, especially within an empire

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “when it was first attested?”)

京城 • (Gyeongseong) (hangeul 경성)

1. Hanja form^? of 경성 (“(Japanese colonial era) Seoul, Gyeongseong or Keijō”).

京城

1. chữ Hán form of kinh thành (“capital city; imperial city”).