奮

See also: 奋
奮 U+596E, 奮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-596E
← 奭
[U+596D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 奯 →
[U+596F]

Translingual

Han character

奮 (Kangxi radical 37, 大+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 大人土田 (KOGW), four-corner 40601, composition ⿱奞田)

References
  • KangXi: page 254, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6012
  • Dae Jaweon: page 515, character 35
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 550, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+596E

Chinese
trad. 奮
simp. 奋*
alternative forms 𡚒 possibly erroneous

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 奮
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 奞 (“bird”) + 田 (“field”) – bird spreading its wings to fly.

Etymology

Related to 翂 (OC *pɯn, “appearance of birds flying slowly”) and 飛 (OC *pɯl, “to fly”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 奮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方問切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piunH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /punH/
Li
Rong		 /piuənH/
Wang
Li		 /pĭuənH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 fan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 奮
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fèn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjunH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*(Cə.)pə[r]-s/ (W dialect)
English spread wings and fly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 奮
Reading # 1/1
No. 3196
Phonetic
component		 奮
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 糞
Old
Chinese		 /*pɯns/

Definitions

奮

  1. (of bird) to spread and flutter the wings
  2. to shake; to vibrate
  3. to wield; to wave
  4. to dash ahead; to put to good use
  5. to strive; to exert effort
  6. to arouse; to stimulate
  7. a surname

Compounds
  • 奮發圖強／奋发图强
  • 奮發有為／奋发有为
  • 奮發自強／奋发自强
  • 奮發蹈厲／奋发蹈厉
  • 奮矜／奋矜
  • 奮筆疾書／奋笔疾书
  • 奮翅／奋翅
  • 奮臂／奋臂
  • 奮袂攘襟／奋袂攘襟
  • 奮袂而起／奋袂而起
  • 奮起／奋起 (fènqǐ)
  • 奮起直追／奋起直追
  • 奮身／奋身
  • 奮身獨步／奋身独步
  • 奮辭／奋辞
  • 奮進／奋进 (fènjìn)
  • 奮逸響／奋逸响
  • 奮飛／奋飞
  • 奮鬥／奋斗 (fèndòu)

Japanese

Kanji
奮

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. agitation
  2. rouse

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 奮 (MC pɨunH).

Hanja

奮 (eumhun 떨칠 분 (tteolchil bun))

  1. Hanja form? of 분 (“strive, exert effort”).
  2. Hanja form? of 분 (“arouse”).

Vietnamese

Han character

奮: Hán Nôm readings: phấn[1][2][3][4][5]

  1. chữ Hán form of phấn (“to agitate; to shake; to arouse; impetuous”).

Compounds

References
  1. Génibrel (1898).
  2. Bonet (1899).
  3. Thiều Chửu (1942).
  4. Nguyễn (1974).
  5. Trần (1999).
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