See also: and 巿
U+5E02, 市
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E02

[U+5E01]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5E03]

Translingual

Stroke order
5 strokes

Alternative forms

Note that the Ming typeface used in Japan and Korea as well as the Kangxi dictionary uses a vertical dot for the upper component of which is slightly different from modern Chinese scripts which uses a slanting dot for the upper component of in .

Han character

(Kangxi radical 50, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 卜中月 (YLB), four-corner 00227, composition or )

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 328, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8775
  • Dae Jaweon: page 632, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 729, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5E02

Usage notes

This character is not to be confused with visually similar but unrelated 巿 (U+5DFF) ("type of clothing in ancient China") which has only four strokes and is written with across the top of .

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Oracle bone script and bronze inscriptions: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djɯʔ) : semantic (bustling) + phonetic (OC *tjɯ).

Etymology

Possibly related to Proto-Tai *z.ɟɯːꟲ (to buy), whence Thai ซื้อ (sʉ́ʉ) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • chhī/chhǐ - vernacular;
  • sī/sǐ - literary.
Note:
  • shr5 - vernacular;
  • shr4 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (25)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter dzyiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʑɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡ʑɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʑieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡ʑɨX/
Li
Rong
/ʑiəX/
Wang
Li
/ʑĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʑiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
si6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shì
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzyiX ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.[d]əʔ/
English market (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 11611
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*djɯʔ/

Definitions

  1. city; town
  2. market; fair
  3. to trade; to do business
  4. to buy
  5. to sell
  6. (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) business situation (buy and sell of goods)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
いち
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese (ichi). Found in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

(いち) (ichi) 

  1. a market, a marketplace
  2. a place where a lot of people gather
  3. (less commonly) a town, a city

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
on’yomi

Suffix

() (-shi) 

  1. city
Usage notes

When compounding, similar to (-to), (-dō), (-fu), (-ken) and (chō), makes the accent fall on the 自立拍 (jiritsuhaku, autonomous mora) immediately before itself. For example:

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC d͡ʑɨX).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɕʰi(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource (eumhun 저자 (jeoja si))

  1. Hanja form? of (market).
  2. Hanja form? of (city; town).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: thị

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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