怪

See also: 恠
怪 U+602A, 怪
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-602A
← 怩
[U+6029] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 怫 →
[U+602B]

Translingual
Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

怪 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 心水土 (PEG), four-corner 97014, composition ⿰忄圣)

Derived characters
  • 𠶔, 𢯑, 𬏴

References
  • KangXi: page 382, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10483
  • Dae Jaweon: page 711, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2288, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+602A

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 怪
alternative forms 𢘪
恠

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (圣) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
怪 *kruːds
恠 *krɯːs
圣 *kʰuːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kruːds) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 圣 (OC *kʰuːd).

Etymology

怪 (OC *kwrêh; *kwêh) seemingly had the same OC rhyme as 傀 (OC *kûi); They may be variants (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • koài - literary;
  • kòe/kòa - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 怪
Mandarin Beijing /kuai⁵¹/
Harbin /kuai⁵³/
Tianjin /kuai⁵³/
Jinan /kuɛ²¹/
Qingdao /kuɛ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /kuai³¹²/
Xi'an /kuai⁴⁴/
Xining /kuɛ²¹³/
Yinchuan /kuɛ¹³/
Lanzhou /kuɛ¹³/
Ürümqi /kuai²¹³/
Wuhan /kuai³⁵/
Chengdu /kuai¹³/
Guiyang /kuai²¹³/
Kunming /kuæ²¹²/
Nanjing /kuae⁴⁴/
/kuae²¹²/
Hefei /kue̞⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /kuai⁴⁵/
Pingyao /kuæ³⁵/
Hohhot /kuɛ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /kua³⁵/
Suzhou /kuɑ⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /kue̞⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /ka⁴²/
Hui Shexian /kua³²⁴/
Tunxi /kua⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /kuai⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /kuai⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /kuai⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kuai⁵³/
Taoyuan /kuɑi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwai³³/
Nanning /kʷai³³/
Hong Kong /kwai³³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kuai²¹/
/kue²¹/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuɑi²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kuɛ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kuai²¹³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kuai³⁵/
/kɔi³⁵/
Rime
Character 怪
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 皆 (34)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古壞切
Baxter kweajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠuɛiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷᵚæiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɐiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwəɨjH/
Li
Rong		 /kuɛiH/
Wang
Li		 /kwɐiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kwăiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gwaai3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 怪
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 guài
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kwɛjH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ʷˁrə-s/
English extraordinary

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 怪
Reading # 1/1
No. 7501
Phonetic
component		 圣
Rime
group		 隊
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 怪
Old
Chinese		 /*kruːds/

Definitions

怪

  1. strange, odd, unusual, peculiar, out-of-the-ordinary, weird, queer
    很怪的人  ―  hěn guài de rén  ―  very weird person
    味道有點怪。／味道有点怪。  ―  Wèidào yǒudiǎn guài.  ―  It tastes funny.
  2. to blame someone, to put the blame on
    別怪他。／别怪他。  ―  Bié guài tā.  ―  Don't blame him.
  3. quite, rather
  4. (video games) Short for 怪物 (guàiwu, “monster, a non-player character that player(s) fight against in role-playing games”).
    打怪  ―  dǎguài  ―  to fight against monsters
  5. (slang, suffix) Short for 怪物 (guàiwu, “monster”). Often used affectionately for people of a trait.
    嚶嚶怪／嘤嘤怪  ―  yīngyīngguài  ―  a person who likes to act cute and use 嚶嚶
    白嫖怪  ―  báipiáoguài  ―  a person who supports another idol or creator but doesn't make any expenditure to them

Synonyms

Compounds
Derived terms from 怪

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (怪):
  • → Japanese: 怪(かい) (kai)
  • → Vietnamese: quái (怪)

References

Japanese

Kanji
怪

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. mysterious

Readings

Compounds
Compounds
Kanji in this term
怪
かい
Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 怪 (kwɛjH).

Pronunciation

Affix

怪(かい) • (kai) ←くわい (kwai)?

  1. strange; suspicious
  2. mysterious; wonderful
  3. extraordinary; unusual

Noun

怪(かい) • (kai) ←くわい (kwai)?

  1. strangeness

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 怪 (MC kˠuɛiH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation
  • (in 怪怪, 怪常, 怪惡, 怪異 and 怪歎):
  • (strange; odd; unusual; peculiar):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kwe̞(ː)] ~ [kø̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [궤(ː)/괴(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 怪 (eumhun 괴이할 괴 (goeihal goe))

  1. Hanja form? of 괴 (“strange; odd; unusual; peculiar”).

Compounds
Compounds
  • 괴걸 (怪傑, goegeol)
  • 괴질 (怪疾, goejil)
  • 해괴 (駭怪, haegoe)
  • 기괴 (奇怪, gigoe)
  • 괴상 (怪常, goesang)
  • 괴한 (怪漢, goehan)
  • 괴담 (怪談, goedam)
  • 요괴 (妖怪, yogoe)
  • 괴력 (怪力, goeryeok)
  • 가괴 (可怪, gagoe)
  • 괴이 (怪異, goei)
  • 괴조 (怪鳥, goejo)
  • 과수 (怪獸, gwasu)
  • 괴물 (怪物, goemul)
  • 괴상 (怪狀, goesang)
  • 변괴 (變怪, byeon'goe)
  • 괴술 (怪術, goesul)
  • 고괴 (古怪, gogoe)
  • 괴변 (怪變, goebyeon)
  • 괴운 (怪雲, goe'un)
  • 괴귀 (怪鬼, goegwi)
  • 괴문 (怪聞, goemun)
  • 괴악 (怪惡, goeak)
  • 괴암 (怪巖, goeam)
  • 괴우 (怪雨, goe'u)
  • 괴인 (怪人, goein)
  • 괴충 (怪蟲, goechung)
  • 괴특 (怪特, goeteuk)
  • 무괴 (無怪, mugoe)
  • 물괴 (物怪, mulgoe)
  • 흉괴 (凶怪, hyunggoe)
  • 괴괴 (怪怪, goegoe)
  • 괴기 (怪奇, goegi)
  • 괴잡 (怪雜, goejap)
  • 괴의 (怪疑, goe'ui)
  • 험괴 (險怪, heomgoe)
  • 괴벽 (怪癖, goebyeok)
  • 괴설 (怪說, goeseol)
  • 괴광 (怪光, goegwang)
  • 괴동 (怪童, goedong)
  • 괴사 (怪死, goesa)
  • 괴선 (怪船, goeseon)
  • 괴안 (怪案, goean)
  • 괴언 (怪言, goeeon)
  • 괴용 (怪勇, goeyong)
  • 괴행 (怪行, goehaeng)
  • 괴화 (怪火, goehwa)
  • 극괴 (極怪, geukgoe)
  • 신괴 (神怪, sin'goe)
  • 광괴 (狂怪, gwanggoe)
  • 괴교 (怪巧, goegyo)
  • 괴금 (怪禽, goegeum)
  • 괴도 (怪盜, goedo)
  • 괴망 (怪妄, goemang)
  • 괴몽 (怪夢, goemong)
  • 괴사 (怪辭, goesa)
  • 괴탄 (怪誕, goetan)
  • 수괴 (殊怪, sugoe)
  • 영괴 (靈怪, yeonggoe)
  • 진괴 (珍怪, jin'goe)
  • 추괴 (醜怪, chugoe)
  • 괴마 (怪魔, goema)
  • 괴우 (怪迂, goe'u)
  • 궤괴 (詭怪, gwegoe)
  • 환괴 (幻怪, hwan'goe)
  • 괴아 (怪訝, goea)
  • 해괴망측 (駭怪罔測, haegoemangcheuk)
  • 기괴망측 (奇怪罔測, gigoemangcheuk)
  • 기괴천만 (奇怪千萬, gigoecheonman)
  • 괴악망측 (怪惡罔測, goeangmangcheuk)
  • 괴괴망측 (怪怪罔測, goegoemangcheuk)
  • 괴상망측 (怪常罔測, goesangmangcheuk)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

怪: Hán Nôm readings: quái

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