| statute; constitution | chapter; seal; section | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (憲章) | 憲 | 章 | |
| simp. (宪章) | 宪 | 章 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 憲 | 章 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 元 (65) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 許建切 | 諸良切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/hɨɐnH/ | /t͡ɕɨɐŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/hiɐnH/ | /t͡ɕiɐŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/xiɐnH/ | /t͡ɕiɑŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/hɨanH/ | /cɨaŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/xiɐnH/ | /t͡ɕiaŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/xĭɐnH/ | /t͡ɕĭaŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/xɨ̯ɐnH/ | /t͡ɕi̯aŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
xiàn | zhāng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
hin3 | zoeng1 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 憲 | 章 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
xiàn | zhāng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ xjonH › | ‹ tsyang › |
| Old Chinese |
/*qʰar/ (~ *qʰar-s) | /*taŋ/ |
| English | law; model; rule | brilliant; distinctive mark; to display |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 憲 | 章 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 4849 | 16817 |
| Phonetic component |
害 | 章 |
| Rime group |
元 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
獻 | 章 |
| Old Chinese |
/*hŋans/ | /*kjaŋ/ |
憲章