U+5BB3, 害
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BB3

[U+5BB2]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5BB4]

Translingual

Stroke order
10 strokes
Stroke order (Taiwan)
10 strokes
Stroke order (Japan)
10 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 40, +7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十手十口 (JQJR) or 十手一口 (JQMR), four-corner 30601, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 286, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7165
  • Dae Jaweon: page 565, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 929, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5BB3

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𡧱

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡaːds) : semantic + semantic + phonetic (OC *kreːds).

Etymology

Cognate with (OC *kaːd, “to cut”). See there for more.

Pronunciation 1



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /xai⁵¹/
Harbin /xai⁵³/
/xai²¹³/ ~怕
Tianjin /xai⁵³/
Jinan /xɛ²¹/
Qingdao /xɛ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xai³¹²/
Xi'an /xai⁴⁴/
Xining /xɛ²¹³/
Yinchuan /xɛ¹³/
Lanzhou /xɛ¹³/
Ürümqi /xai²¹³/
Wuhan /xai³⁵/
Chengdu /xai¹³/
Guiyang /xai²¹³/
Kunming /xæ²¹²/
Nanjing /xae⁴⁴/
Hefei /xe̞⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /xai⁴⁵/
Pingyao /xæ³⁵/
Hohhot /xɛ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦe²³/
Suzhou /ɦe̞³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦe̞¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦe²²/
Hui Shexian /xɛ²²/
Tunxi /xuə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /xai⁵⁵/
/xai¹¹/
Xiangtan /ɦai²¹/
Gan Nanchang /hai²¹/
Hakka Meixian /hoi⁵³/
Taoyuan /hoi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɔi²²/
Nanning /hɔi²²/
Hong Kong /hɔi²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hai²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /hɑi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xuɛ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hai³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hai³³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (25)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦajH/
Li
Rong
/ɣɑiH/
Wang
Li
/ɣɑiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
hài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hoi6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
hài hài
Middle
Chinese
‹ hajH › ‹ hajH ›
Old
Chinese
/*N-kˁat-s/ /*m-kˁat-s/
English be hurt (v.i.); injury (n.) hurt (v.t.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4845
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡaːds/
Notes 𥎆

Definitions

  1. to harm; to maim; to injure
  2. to cause to do; to result in (something unfavourable)
  3. to kill; to murder
  4. to suffer from
  5. to feel (an adverse sentiment)
  6. harm; disaster; calamity
  7. crucial point; vital point
  8. harmful; injurious
  9. (Min Nan) broken
Antonyms
  • (, “benefit”)
  • (, “benefit”)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2


Definitions

  1. Alternative form of (, “why”).

Japanese

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai
[1]

󠄂
+&#xE0102;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
󠄆
+&#xE0106;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. (そこなう) damage, harm, injure
  2. (あやめる) kill
  3. (わざわい) disaster

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
がい
Grade: 4
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (hajH, injury).

Pronunciation

Noun

(がい) (gai) 

  1. injury, harm, damage

Antonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. ”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 해칠 (haechil hae))

  1. Hanja form? of (harm).

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: hại

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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