泳

泳 U+6CF3, 泳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CF3
← 泲
[U+6CF2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 泴 →
[U+6CF4]

Translingual
Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

泳 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水戈弓水 (EINE), four-corner 33132, composition ⿰氵永)

References
  • KangXi: page 619, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17328
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1014, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1595, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6CF3

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 泳

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 泳
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (永) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
永 *ɢʷraŋʔ
栐 *ɢʷraŋʔ
泳 *ɢʷraŋs
詠 *ɢʷraŋs
咏 *ɢʷraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷraŋs) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 永 (OC *ɢʷraŋʔ).

Etymology

Possibly related to Thai ว่าย (wâai, “to swim”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 泳
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 庚 (112)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 爲命切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠwiæŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷᵚiaŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣiuaŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwiajŋH/
Li
Rong		 /ɣiuɐŋH/
Wang
Li		 /ɣĭwɐŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯wɐŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yòng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 wing6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 泳
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǒng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hjwængH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɢ]ʷraŋ(ʔ)-s/
English go in water, wade

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 泳
Reading # 1/1
No. 15425
Phonetic
component		 永
Rime
group		 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 詠
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷraŋs/

Definitions

泳

  1. to swim
  2. a surname

Compounds

References

Japanese

Kanji
泳

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. to swim

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
泳
えい
Grade: 3
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 泳 (MC ɦˠwiæŋH).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [e̞ː]

Affix

泳(えい) • (ei) 

  1. swim

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 泳 (MC ɦˠwiæŋH). Recorded as Middle Korean 여ᇰ〯 (yěng) (Yale: yeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 泳, eumhun 헤엄칠 영 (heeomchil yeong)

  1. Hanja form? of 영 (“dive”).
  2. Hanja form? of 영 (“swim”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.
  • Naver Hanja Dictionary: 泳

Kunigami

Kanji

泳

Okinawan

Kanji
泳

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Vietnamese

Nom glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷraŋs) : semantic 氵 (thuỷ, “water (radical form)”) + phonetic 永 (vĩnh).

Han character

泳: Hán Việt readings: vịnh[1][2][3][4][5]
泳: Nôm readings: vịnh[1][2], vạnh[2]

  1. Nôm form of vịnh (“gulf, bay”).
  2. chữ Hán form of vịnh (“dive, swim”).

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Trần (2004).
  3. Trần (1999).
  4. Nguyễn (1974).
  5. Thiều Chửu (1942).

Yonaguni

Kanji

泳

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