躬

躬	U+8EAC, 躬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8EAC

← 身
[U+8EAB]

CJK Unified Ideographs

躭 →
[U+8EAD]

Translingual

Han character

躬 (Kangxi radical 158, 身+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹弓 (HHN), four-corner 2722₇, composition ⿰身弓)

References

KangXi: page 1237, character 4

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38038

Dae Jaweon: page 1710, character 4

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3808, character 8

Unihan data for U+8EAC

Chinese

trad.		躬
simp. ^#		躬

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (躬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
躬	*kuŋ
匑	kuŋ, kʰuŋ
躳	*kuŋ
窮	*ɡuŋ
藭	*ɡuŋ

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *guŋ (“body, back”). Compare Burmese အကောင် (a.kaung, “body”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gōng (gong¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gung¹
Gan (Wiktionary): gung¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiûng
Min Bei (KCR): gé̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): gṳ̆ng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kiong

(Teochew, Peng'im): giong¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹kon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gong
  - Wade–Giles: kung¹
  - Yale: gūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gong
  - Palladius: гун (gun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gung¹
  - Yale: gūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: gung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: giung´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯uŋ²⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gé̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
  - Tâi-lô: kiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: giong¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kioŋ³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ¹kon
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /kɨuŋ/

Rime
Character	躬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居戎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuwŋ/
Li Rong	/kiuŋ/
Wang Li	/kĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gung¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)uŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kuŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	躬
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gōng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*k(r)uŋ/
English	body, person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	躬
Reading #	1/1
No.	4141
Phonetic component	躬
Rime group	終
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	弓
Old Chinese	/*kuŋ/
Notes	同躳

Definitions

躬

Compounds

三鞠躬
倒笏躬身
匪躬
匪躬之操
卑躬屈膝 (bēigōng-qūxī)
反躬 (fǎngōng)
反躬自省 (fǎngōngzìxǐng)
打躬 (dǎgōng)
打躬作揖 (dǎgōngzuòyī)
控背躬身
政躬
政躬康泰
整躬率物
曲躬躬
朕躬 (zhèngōng)
末躬
治躬
直躬
直躬之信
福躬

背躬
躬先士卒
躬先表率
躬圭
躬往
躬擐甲冑
躬桑
躬稼
躬耕 (gōnggēng)
躬自 (gōngzì)
躬自菲薄
躬行
躬蹈矢石
躬身
躬逢其盛
鞠躬 (jūgōng)
事必躬親／事必躬亲 (shìbìgōngqīn)
匪躬之節／匪躬之节
卑躬屈節／卑躬屈节 (bēigōng-qūjié)

反躬自問／反躬自问 (fǎngōngzìwèn)
反躬自責／反躬自责
引咎責躬／引咎责躬
撫躬自問／抚躬自问 (fǔgōngzìwèn)
斂躬／敛躬
盡瘁鞠躬／尽瘁鞠躬
節儉躬行／节俭躬行
聖躬／圣躬 (shènggōng)
責躬省過／责躬省过
躬耕樂道／躬耕乐道
躬行實踐／躬行实践
躬行節儉／躬行节俭
躬親／躬亲
躬詣／躬诣
躬逢目擊／躬逢目击
躬體力行／躬体力行
返躬內省／返躬内省
鞠躬盡瘁／鞠躬尽瘁 (jūgōngjìncuì)
飭躬／饬躬

Japanese

Kanji

躬

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

body
self

Readings

Go-on: く (ku); くう (kū)
Kan-on: きゅう (kyū)^{←きゆう (kyuu, historical)}
Kun: み (mi, 躬); みずから (mizukara, 躬)^{←みづから (midukara, 躬, historical)}; みずからする (mizukarasuru, 躬する)^{←みづからする (midukarasuru, 躬する, historical)}

Korean

Hanja

躬 • (gung) (hangeul 궁, revised gung, McCune–Reischauer kung, Yale kwung)

body
personally, in person

Vietnamese

Han character

躬: Hán Nôm readings: cung, còng

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