陰
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Translingual
Han character
陰 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中人戈戈 (NLOII), four-corner 78231, composition ⿰阝侌)
Related characters
- 阴 (Simplified form of 陰)
References
- KangXi: page 1353, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41691
- Dae Jaweon: page 1855, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4138, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9670
Chinese
trad. | 陰 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 阴 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
馠 | *qʰɯːm |
谽 | *qʰɯːm |
唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
含 | *ɡɯːm |
肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
筨 | *ɡɯːm |
梒 | *ɡɯːm |
鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
琀 | *ɡɯːms |
浛 | *ɡɯːms |
盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
玪 | *krɯːm |
妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
鈐 | *ɡram |
鳹 | *ɡram |
雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
念 | *nɯːms |
梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
枔 | *sɢrɯm |
岑 | *sɡrɯm |
笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
涔 | *sɡrɯm |
侺 | *ɡjɯms |
今 | *krɯm |
黅 | *krɯm |
衿 | *krɯm |
衾 | *kʰrɯm |
坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
搇 | *kʰrɯms |
琴 | *ɡrɯm |
禽 | *ɡrɯm |
芩 | *ɡrɯm |
庈 | *ɡrɯm |
耹 | *ɡrɯm |
靲 | *ɡrɯm |
擒 | *ɡrɯm |
檎 | *ɡrɯm |
紟 | *ɡrɯms |
吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
陰 | *qrɯm |
霠 | |
飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
蔭 | *qrɯms |
廕 | *qrɯms |
矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |
According to Shuowen, a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qrɯm) : semantic 阜 + phonetic 侌 ().
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r(u/i)m (“dark; shade; dusk; twilight”); compare Tibetan རུམ (rum, “darkness”), Jingpho rim (“to be dusk”) (Benedict, 1972; Bodman, 1980; STEDT).
Schuessler (2007) compares it instead to Burmese အုံ့ (um., “to become overcast”), Adi mugyum (“shade; shadow”), Lepcha [script needed] (so-dyŭm, “shade”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
陰
- cloudy; overcast; gloomy
- hidden; secret
- negative
- the Moon
- shade; shadow
- north of a mountain or south of a river
- back side
- of the nether world; of ghosts
- (philosophy) "female" principle; yin in yin-yang
- in intaglio
- treacherous; deceitful; cheating
- (dialectal) to deceive; to trick; to trap
- (Chinese phonetics, of a syllable) open; not having a consonant coda
- (Cantonese) bangs; fringe
- alt. forms: 𩬎
- genitalia (of humans)
- 大陰人嫪毐 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- dàyīnrén LàoǍi [Pinyin]
- Lao Ai of the large penis
大阴人嫪毐 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- a surname
See also
The tones (of Chinese) in Chinese · 聲調/声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
平仄 (píngzè) | 平 平聲/平声 (píngshēng) |
仄 (zè) 仄聲/仄声 (zèshēng) | ||||||||
平上去入 四聲/四声 (sìshēng) 古四聲/古四声 |
平 平聲/平声 (píngshēng) |
上 上聲/上声 |
去 (qù) 去聲/去声 (qùshēng) |
入 (rù) 入聲/入声 (rùshēng) | ||||||
標調方法/标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法/标调法 |
四角標調法/四角标调法 | ꜀◌ | ꜂◌ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜆ | |||||
[Term?] | ◌〪 | ◌〫 | ◌〬 | ◌〭 | ||||||
傍點/傍点 | ∅ | ◌〮 | ◌〯 | ∅ | ||||||
∅ | -X | -H | -p -t -k (-ʔ) | |||||||
四聲八調/四声八调 | 陰平/阴平 (yīnpíng) | 陽平/阳平 (yángpíng) | 陰上/阴上 (yīnshǎng) | 陽上/阳上 (yángshǎng) | 陰去/阴去 (yīnqù) | 陽去/阳去 (yángqù) | 陰入/阴入 (yīnrù) | 陽入/阳入 (yángrù) | ||
陰/阴 (yīn) | 陽/阳 (yáng) | |||||||||
標調方法/标调方法 (biāodiào fāngfǎ) 標調法/标调法 |
四角標調法/四角标调法 | ꜀◌ | ꜁◌ | ꜂◌ | ꜃◌ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜅ | ◌꜆ | ◌꜇ |
The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Chinese · 聲調/声调 (shēngdiào) (layout · text) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
四聲/四声 (sìshēng) | 陰平/阴平 (yīnpíng) 第一聲/第一声 |
陽平/阳平 (yángpíng) 第二聲/第二声 |
上聲/上声 第三聲/第三声 |
去聲/去声 (qùshēng) 第四聲/第四声 |
輕聲/轻声 (qīngshēng) |
Compounds
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Descendants
- → Proto-Tai: *rɤmᴮ (“shade”)
- Thai: ร่ม (rôm, “shade, umbrella, parachute”)
References
- “陰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04425
Japanese
Readings
Compounds
- 陰鬱 (in'utsu)
- 陰影 (in'ei)
- 陰画 (inga, “negative photograph”)
- 陰核 (inkaku, “clitoris”)
- 陰茎 (inkei, “penis”)
- 陰唇 (inshin, “labia”)
- 陰梃 (intei, “clitoris”)
- 陰嚢 (innō, “scrotum”)
- 陰部 (inbu, “genital area”)
- 陰裂 (inretsu, “pudendal cleft”)
- 陰気 (inki)
- 陰極 (inkyoku)
- 陰険 (inken)
- 陰湿 (inshitsu)
- 陰性 (insei)
- 陰電子 (indenshi)
- 陰徳 (intoku)
- 陰謀 (inbō)
- 会陰 (ein, “perineum”)
- 陰陽 (onmyō)
- 陰陽五行 (onmyō gogyō)
- 陰陽師 (onmyōji) a Yin-Yang Master
- 陰陽道 (onmyōdō) "The Way of Yin & Yang"
- 陰口 (kageguchi)
- 日陰 (hikage)
Synonyms
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
陰 |
かげ Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Noun
陰 • (kage)
See also
- 影 (kage)
Affix
陰 • (in)
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
陰 |
ほと Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
/hoto2/: *[potə] → [ɸoto] → [hoto]. As indicated in the Wamyōshō citation, /to2/ may be related to 処 (/to1/, “place, location”), but the phonological difference can not be explained. Perhaps related to Korean 보지 (boji, “vagina”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ho̞to̞]
Noun
陰 • (hoto)
- female genitalia
- (by extension) male genitalia
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:陰茎
- 931–938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō (book 2, page 44-45)
- 陰 釋名云、陰、今案玉茎玉門等通稱也 [...] 原書無其字按神代紀、「陰訓保止、保是含包之言、即所謂在陰翳之義、止、處也」 [...]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Synonyms
References
- Kurano, Kenji; Yūkichi Takeda (712) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Kojiki, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1958, →ISBN, page 224
- Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
Korean
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 陰 (MC ʔˠiɪm).
Recorded as Middle Korean 隂/ᅙᅳᆷ (Yale: qum) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 隂/음 (um) (Yale: um) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Compounds
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음각¦陰刻⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음경¦陰莖¦penis⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음계¦陰界⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음극¦陰極⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음기¦陰氣⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음낭¦陰囊⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음덕¦陰德⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음력¦陰曆⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음렬¦陰裂¦pudendal cleft⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음모¦陰毛⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음모¦陰謀⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음문¦陰門⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음밀¦陰密⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음복¦陰伏⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음부¦陰部⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음사¦陰事⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음사¦陰私⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음선¦陰線⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음성¦陰性⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음수¦陰數⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음순¦陰脣¦labia⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음실¦陰室⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음암¦陰暗⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음애¦陰崖⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음양¦陰陽⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음영¦陰影⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음우¦陰佑⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음울¦陰鬱⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음전¦陰電⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음조¦陰助⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음지¦陰地⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음침¦陰沈⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음풍¦陰風⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음해¦陰害⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음핵¦陰核⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음허¦陰虛⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음험¦陰險⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음흉¦陰凶⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦광음¦光陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦녹음¦綠陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦농음¦濃陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦비음¦碑陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦야음¦夜陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦양음¦涼陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦자음¦滋陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦장음¦廧陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦촌음¦寸陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦춘음¦春陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦태음¦太陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦호음¦沍陰⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦회음¦會陰¦perineum⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음경골¦陰莖骨⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음양가¦陰陽家⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음전기¦陰電氣⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦음전자¦陰電子⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦대음순¦大陰脣⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦소음순¦小陰脣⦄⦄
- ⦃⦃ko-l¦태음력¦太陰曆⦄⦄
Etymology 2
Related to Middle Chinese 闇 (MC ʔʌmH, “dark; gloomy”).
Okinawan
Compounds
- 陰目 (hōmī, “vagina”)