U+5F71, 影
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F71

[U+5F70]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5F72]

Translingual

Stroke order
15 strokes

Han character

(Kangxi radical 59, +12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 日火竹竹竹 (AFHHH), four-corner 62922, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 364, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10019
  • Dae Jaweon: page 684, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 857, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5F71

Chinese

simp. and trad.
2nd round simp. 𢒈

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qraŋʔ) : phonetic (OC *kraŋʔ) + semantic .

Etymology

Unclear. Various etymologies have been proposed:

  • Cognate with (OC *kraŋʔ, “image”), (OC *kraŋs, “mirror”) (Wang, 1982; Baxter and Sagart, 2014), which STEDT compares to Proto-Kuki-Chin *klaaŋ-I, *klaan-II (to shine; light; bright);
  • Cognate with (OC *qraŋ, “brilliant; flower”) or rather its Austroasiatic comparanda, including Proto-Bahnaric *ʔaːŋ (bright (light)) (Schuessler, 2007);
  • Related to (OC *qonʔ, *qons, “garden”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • yǐngr - “shadow; reflection; vague impression”.
Note:
  • jing2 - literary;
  • jeng2 - vernacular (rare).
Note:
  • yen2 - literary;
  • yiang2 - vernacular.
  • Gan
    • (Nanchang)
      • Wiktionary: iang3 / in3
      • Sinological IPA (key): /iaŋ²¹³/, /in²¹³/
Note:
  • iang3 - vernacular;
  • in3 - literary.
Note:
  • ōng - vernacular;
  • īng - literary.
Note:
  • iáⁿ - vernacular;
  • ńg/ngh - vernacular (limited, e.g. 樹影树影);
  • éng - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (34)
Final () (111)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔˠiæŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔᵚiaŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiaŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔiajŋX/
Li
Rong
/ʔiɐŋX/
Wang
Li
/ĭɐŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯ɐŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yǐng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jing2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yǐng
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjængX ›
Old
Chinese
/*qraŋʔ/
English shadow (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 6837
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qraŋʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. shadow
  2. image
  3. trace (of human presence); presence (of people or things); occurrence (of events)
  4. picture; photograph
  5. (chiefly in compounds) film; movie
       yǐngshì   film and television
       yǐngxīng   movie star
  6. (Cantonese) to take (a picture)
  7. () (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of (MC ʔˠiæŋX)

Synonyms

  • (shadow):
  • (picture):
  • (to take (a picture)):

Compounds

Descendants

  • Zhuang: ingj (to take (a picture))

References

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

Bound apophonic form of (kaga).

Noun

(かが) (kaga) 

  1. light
  2. a shape or form reflected in light
  3. a shadow
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
かげ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

(kaga) + (-i) > kage. Unbound apophonic form of (kaga).

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kankay. Cognate with (kage, shadow).[1][2]

Pronunciation

Noun

(かげ) (kage) 

  1. shadow
    (うま)(かげ)
    uma no kage
    a shadow of a horse
  2. a shape or form reflected in light
  3. presence
    この(まち)(かげ)(うす)
    Kono machi wa kage ga usui.
    This town's presence is little.
  4. negative aspect
    高度(こうど)経済(けいざい)成長(せいちょう)(かげ)
    kōdo keizai seichō no kage
    the negative aspect of the high economic growth
Antonyms
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
えい
Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC ʔˠiæŋX).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [e̞ː]

Affix

(えい) (ei) 

  1. shadow
  2. light
  3. a shape or form reflected in light
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
よう
Grade: S
goon

From Middle Chinese (MC ʔˠiæŋX).

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [jo̞ː]

Affix

(よう) () 

  1. (rare) Alternative form of (ei)

See also

References

  1. 影・景”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. ”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 그림자 (geurimja yeong))

  1. Hanja form? of (shadow).

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: ảnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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