Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čelověkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kelawaikas, originally a compound. The first part is from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷel- (“crowd, people”), from *kʷel- (“to turn, roll > to travel, settle, cultivate; town”). Cognates include Sanskrit कुल (kula), Ancient Greek τέλος (télos), and Old English scolu. The latter part is akin to Lithuanian vaĩkas (“child”), Latvian vaiks (“boy”) and Old Prussian waiх (“manservant”) (i.e. waiks, with x due to German orthography), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyk-.

Noun

*čelověkъ m[1]

man, human

Declension

Declension of *čelověkъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*čelověkъ	*čelověka	*čelověci
Accusative	*čelověkъ	*čelověka	*čelověky
Genitive	*čelověka	*čelověku	*čelověkъ
Locative	*čelověcě	*čelověku	*čelověcěxъ
Dative	*čelověku	*čelověkoma	*čelověkomъ
Instrumental	čelověkъmь, čelověkomь^*	*čelověkoma	*čelověky
Vocative	*čelověče	*čelověka	*čelověci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Alternative forms

*čьlověkъ (unaccented *е reduced to *ь)
*člověkъ (unaccented *ь dropped)

Derived terms

*čьlověčьjь (“humane”)

Related terms

*čeľadь

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: человѣкъ (čelověkŭ), чловѣкъ (člověkŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: чоловѣкъ (čolověk)
    - Belarusian: чалаве́к (čalavjék)
    - Rusyn: чолові́к (čolovík)
    - Ukrainian: чолові́к (čolovík, “man, husband”)
  - Russian: челове́к (čelovék)
  - → Latgalian: cylvāks
  - → Latvian: cilvēks
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: чловѣкъ (člověkŭ)
  
  Glagolitic: ⱍⰾⱁⰲⱑⰽⱏ (člověkŭ)
- Bulgarian: чове́к (čovék), (pre-1945 spelling) човѣкъ (čověk), (dated, literary) челове́к (čelovék)
- Macedonian: чо́век (čóvek)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: чо̀век, чо̀вјек
  
  Latin: čòvek, čòvjek
- Slovene: člóvek (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: člověk
  - Czech: člověk
  - Bohemian (Chod dialect): člověk
- Kashubian: człowiek
- Polabian: clåvăk
- Polish: człowiek
- Slovak: človek
- Slovincian: člʉ̀ɵvjeḱ, člɵvjìeḱ
- Sorbianː
  - Upper Sorbian: čłowjek
  - Lower Sorbian: cłowjek

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čelověkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 80: “m. o ‘man’”

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čelověkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 80: “m. o ‘man’”