kerajaan

From ke- +‎ raja +‎ -an. Either cognate with or derived from Malay kerajaan.

• IPA^(key): /kə.ra.d͡ʒa.ʔan/
• (contraction) IPA^(key): /kra.d͡ʒa.ʔan/

kerajaan

1. government of a country or state

• keradjaan (pre-1967)

Affixed ke- +‎ raja +‎ -an, from Malay kerajaan, from Classical Malay kerajaan (“royal, become king”).

• IPA^(key): [kəraˈd͡ʒaan]
• Hyphenation: kê‧ra‧ja‧an

kêrajaan (plural kerajaan-kerajaan, first-person possessive kerajaanku, second-person possessive kerajaanmu, third-person possessive kerajaannya)

1. kingdom
   1. A realm having a king and/or queen as its actual or nominal sovereign.
   2. (taxonomy) A rank in the classification of organisms, below domain and above phylum; a taxon at that rank
2. (obsolete) kingship

• (nation having monarch as supreme ruler) monarki
• kedatuan, kedaton

kêrajaan

1. royal: of or relating to a monarch or their family.

   Synonym: diraja (Standard Malay)

kêrajaan

1. (obsolete) to become a king

   Jika ia kerajaan, tiada akan sempurna negeri ini. ― If he becomes a king, this nation will never be perfect.

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay kerajaan.

• “kerajaan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

ke- +‎ raja +‎ -an

kerajaan (Jawi spelling کراجاءن‎, plural kerajaan-kerajaan, informal 1st possessive kerajaanku, 2nd possessive kerajaanmu, 3rd possessive kerajaannya)

1. (Brunei, Malaysia) government (an organisation which has the power to enact and legislate laws within its area of jurisdiction)

   Synonym: pemerintah

2. kingdom

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian kerajaan.

• The government sense prevail in Malaysia and Brunei due to monarchic government.
• In Singapore, foreign governments can be referred as either kerajaan or pemerintah depending on their system. The Singaporean government being a republic is always referred to as pemerintah, which has no monarchic connotations.
• In Indonesia, kerajaan has sense of kingdom only. Government always translated as pemerintah, which has no monarchic connotations.

• Indonesian: kerajaan

• “kerajaan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.