Uintacyon

Uintacyon ("dog of the Uinta Mountains")[13] is an extinct paraphyletic genus of placental mammals from clade Carnivoraformes, that lived in North America from early to middle Eocene.[14][15]

Uintacyon
Temporal range: early to middle Eocene
lower jaw of Uintacyon asodes
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Clade: Pan-Carnivora
Clade: Carnivoramorpha
Clade: Carnivoraformes
Genus: †Uintacyon
Leidy, 1872
Type species
†Uintacyon edax
Leidy, 1872
Species
  • †U. acutus (Thorpe, 1923)[1]
  • †U. asodes (Gazin, 1952)[2]
  • †U. edax (Leidy, 1872)[3]
  • †U. gingerichi (Heinrich, 2008)[4]
  • †U. hookeri (Solé, 2014)[5]
  • †U. jugulans (Matthew, 1909)[6]
  • †U. massetericus (Cope, 1882)[7]
  • †U. rudis (Rose, 1981)[8]
  • †U. vorax (Leidy, 1872)
Synonyms
synonyms of genus:
  • Triacodon (Cope, 1872)[9]
synonyms of species:
  • U. edax:
    • Miacis edax (Cope, 1884)[10]
  • U. massetericus:
    • Didymictis massetericus (Cope, 1882)
    • Viverravus massetericus (Hay, 1902)[11]
  • U. rudis:
    • Uintacyon massetericus rudis (Matthew & Granger, 1915)[12]
  • U. vorax:
    • Miacis vorax (Cope, 1884)

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of genus Uintacyon are shown in the following cladogram:[16][17][18][19]

 Carnivoramorpha 
 †Viverravidae 

†Viverravoidea

 ? 

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 50993 & UALVP 50994)

 ? 

†Ravenictis

 sensu lato 
 ? 

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (UALVP 31176)

 ? 

†Carnivoramorpha sp. (USNM 538395)

 ? 

†"Sinopa" insectivorus

 Carnivoraformes 
 Clade "B" 

†Eogale

†"Miacis" sp. (CM 67873 & CM 77299)

†Gracilocyon igniculus

†Gracilocyon winkleri

†Gracilocyon solei

 †Gracilocyon

†Gracilocyon sp. (Jibou, Romania)

†Gracilocyon rosei

†Gracilocyon rundlei

†Paramiacis

†Paroodectes

 †Oodectes jepseni 

 †Oodectes 

 †Oodectes herpestoides 

 †Oodectes proximus 

 †Oodectes pugnax 

 †Uintacyon hookeri 

 †Uintacyon rudis 

 †Uintacyon 

 †Uintacyon massetericus 

 †Uintacyon vorax 

 †Uintacyon asodes 

 †Uintacyon edax 

 †Uintacyon acutus 

 †Uintacyon jugulans 

 †Uintacyon gingerichi 

†Xinyuictis

†Zodiocyon

†Miocyon

†Simamphicyon

 †Uintacyon sp. (USGS 1983) 

†Messelogale

†Quercygalidae

 Clade "C" 

†Palaearctonyx

 (†Phlaodectes) 

†Vulpavus ovatus

†Vulpavus profectus

†Vulpavus australis

†Vulpavus canavus

†Vulpavus completus

 †Vulpavus

†Vulpavus farsonensis

†Vulpavus palustris

†Vassacyon

†Dormaalocyon

†"Miacis" exiguus

†"Miacis" deutschi

†Africtis

 ? 

†Carnivoraformes undet. Genus B

†Dawsonicyon

†"Miacis" boqinghensis

†"Miacis" hookwayi

†"Miacis" latidens

†"Miacis" petilus

 ? 

†Carnivoraformes undet. Genus A

†Miacis

 Clade "D" 

†Lycarion

†"Miacis" hargeri

 ? 

†Ceruttia

†"Miacis" invictus

†"Miacis" lushiensis

†Neovulpavus

†Harpalodon

†Procynodictis

†Prodaphaenus

 ? 

†Walshius

†"Miacis" gracilis

†Tapocyon

Carnivora (sensu stricto)

†Gracilocyon/Oodectes
clade
†Vulpavus clade
 (Carnivora [sensu lato]) 

See also

References
  1. M. R. Thorpe (1923.) "Notes on the Bridger (Eocene) Carnivora." American Journal of Science 5(25):23-39
  2. C. L. Gazin (1952.) "The Lower Eocene Knight Formation Of Western Wyoming and Its Mammalian Faunas." Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 117(18):1-82
  3. J. Leidy (1872) "Remarks on Fossils from Wyoming." Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 24(3):277
  4. Heinrich, R. E.; Strait, S. G.; Houde, P. (2008). "Earliest Eocene Miacidae (Mammalia: Carnivora) from northwestern Wyoming". Journal of Paleontology. 82 (1): 154–162. Bibcode:2008JPal...82..154H. doi:10.1666/05-118.1. S2CID 35030667.
  5. Solé, Floréal (2014). "New carnivoraforms from the early Eocene of Europe and their bearing on the evolution of the Carnivoraformes". Palaeontology. 57 (5): 963–978. Bibcode:2014Palgy..57..963S. doi:10.1111/pala.12097. ISSN 1475-4983. S2CID 129314381.
  6. W. D. Matthew (1909.) "The Carnivora and Insectivora of the Bridger Basin, middle Eocene." Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 9:289-567
  7. E. D. Cope (1882.) "Contributions to the history of the Vertebrata of the lower Eocene of Wyoming and New Mexico, made during 1881." Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 20(111):139-197
  8. K. D. Rose (1981.) "The Clarkforkian Land-Mammal Age and Mammalian Faunal Composition Across the Paleocene-Eocene Boundary." University of Michigan Papers on Paleontology 26:1-197
  9. E. D. Cope (1872) "Second account of new Vertebrata from the Bridger Eocene." Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society (separate) 1-3
  10. E. D. Cope (1884) "Second addition to the knowledge of the Puerco Epoch." Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 21(114):309-324
  11. O. P. Hay (1902.) "Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America." Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179:1-868
  12. W. D. Matthew and W. Granger (1915.) "A revision of the Lower Eocene Wasatch and Wind River faunas." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 34(1):1-103
  13. Palmer, Theodore Sherman (1904). Index Generum Mammalium: A List of the Genera and Families of Mammals. U.S. Government Printing Office.
  14. McKenna, Malcolm C.; Bell, Susan K. (1997). Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11012-9. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
  15. J. J. Flynn (1998.) "Early Cenozoic Carnivora ("Miacoidea")." In C. M. Janis, K. M. Scott, and L. L. Jacobs (eds.) "Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America. Volume 1: Terrestrial Carnivores, Ungulates, and Ungulatelike Mammals." Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ISBN 9780521355193
  16. Flynn, John J.; Finarelli, John A.; Spaulding, Michelle (2010). "Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations". In Goswami, Anjali; Friscia, Anthony (eds.). Carnivoran evolution. New views on phylogeny, form and function. Cambridge University Press. pp. 25–63. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139193436.003. ISBN 9781139193436.
  17. Solé, Floréal; Smith, Richard; Coillot, Tiphaine; de Bast, Eric; Smith, Thierry (2014). "Dental and tarsal anatomy of Miacis latouri and a phylogenetic analysis of the earliest carnivoraforms (Mammalia, Carnivoramorpha)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 1–21. Bibcode:2014JVPal..34....1S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.793195. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86207013.
  18. Solé, Floréal; Smith, Thierry; De Bast, Eric; Codrea, Vlad; Gheerbrant, Emmanuel (2016). "New carnivoraforms from the latest Paleocene of Europe and their bearing on the origin and radiation of Carnivoraformes (Carnivoramorpha, Mammalia)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 36 (2): e1082480. Bibcode:2016JVPal..36E2480S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2016.1082480. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 87537565.
  19. Tomiya, S.; Zack, S. P.; Spaulding, M.; Flynn, J. J. (2021). "Carnivorous mammals from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation, Wyoming, USA, and their diversity trajectory in a post-warming world". Journal of Paleontology. 95 (Supplement S82): 1–115. Bibcode:2021JPal...95S...1T. doi:10.1017/jpa.2020.74. hdl:2433/274918. S2CID 232358160.
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