| Rime | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 不 | 不 | 不 | 律 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 幫 (1) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 尤 (136) | 物 (60) | 術 (52) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | III | III | III | III |
| Fanqie | 甫鳩切 | 方久切 | 分勿切 | 呂卹切 |
| Reconstructions | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/pɨu/ | /pɨuX/ | /pɨut̚/ | /liuɪt̚/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/piu/ | /piuX/ | /piut̚/ | /lʷit̚/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/piəu/ | /piəuX/ | /piuət̚/ | /ljuet̚/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/puw/ | /puwX/ | /put̚/ | /lwit̚/ |
| Li Rong |
/piu/ | /piuX/ | /piuət̚/ | /liuĕt̚/ |
| Wang Li |
/pĭəu/ | /pĭəuX/ | /pĭuət̚/ | /lĭuĕt̚/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/pi̯ə̯u/ | /pi̯ə̯uX/ | /pi̯uət̚/ | /li̯uĕt̚/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
fōu | fǒu | fu | lǜ |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 不 | 不 | 律 | 律 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
bù | bù | lǜ | lǜ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ pjuw › | ‹ pjuw › | ‹ lwit › | ‹ lwit › |
| Old Chinese |
/*pə/ | /*pə/ | /*[r]ut/ | /*[r]ut/ |
| English | not | 不律 writing brush (pron. in Wú 吳 ap. Shuōwén; E. Hàn) | law, rule (n.) | 不律 writing brush (pron. in Wú 吳 ap. Shuōwén; E. Hàn) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 不 | 不 | 不 | 律 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| No. | 1025 | 1029 | 1048 | 15978 |
| Phonetic component |
不 | 不 | 不 | 聿 |
| Rime group |
之 | 之 | 物 | 物 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
不 | 缶 | 弗 | 律 |
| Old Chinese |
/*pɯ/ | /*pɯʔ/ | /*pɯ'/ | /*rud/ |
| Notes | 象花柎與本同源 | 中古才促化 | ||
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