中心

See also: 忠

Chinese

		middle; center; within middle; center; within; among; in; while (doing sth); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark)	heart; mind
simp. and trad. (中心)		中	心
anagram		心中

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhōngxīn

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥㄒㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹ sam¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chûng-sîm
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tiong-sim

(Teochew, Peng'im): dong¹ sim¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhōngxīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥㄒㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhongsin
  - Wade–Giles: chung¹-hsin¹
  - Yale: jūng-syīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jongshin
  - Palladius: чжунсинь (čžunsinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    中心
    忠心
    衷心
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zung¹ sam¹
  - Yale: jūng sām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹ sam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung¹ sem¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    中心
    忠心
    衷心
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chûng-sîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung´ xim´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung¹ xim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɕim²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong-sim
  - Tâi-lô: tiong-sim
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diongsym
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɕim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ³³ ɕim³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɕim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɕim⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɕim⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dong¹ sim¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tong sim
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /toŋ³³⁻²³ sim³³/

Middle Chinese: /ʈɨuŋ siɪm/

Rime
Character	中	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟弓切	息林切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuŋ/	/siɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuŋ/	/sim/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuŋ/	/sjem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwŋ/	/sim/
Li Rong	/ȶiuŋ/	/siəm/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuŋ/	/sĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uŋ/	/si̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng	xīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung¹	sam¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*truŋ səm/

(Zhengzhang): /*tuŋ slɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	中	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhōng	xīn
Middle Chinese	‹ trjuwng ›	‹ sim ›
Old Chinese	/*truŋ/	/*səm/
English	center	heart
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	中	心
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	17407	13801
Phonetic component	中	心
Rime group	終	侵
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	中	心
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ/	/*slɯm/

Noun

中心

centre (point in the interior of a circle or sphere)
centre (main part of a thing); core
centre (place where some function or activity occurs)
托兒中心／托儿中心 ― tuō'ér zhōngxīn ― childcare centre

培訓中心／培训中心 ― péixùn zhōngxīn ― training centre

社區衛生服務中心 [MSC, trad.]
社区卫生服务中心 [MSC, simp.]
shèqū wèishēng fúwù zhōngxīn [Pinyin]
community healthcare center

Synonyms

(centre: point in the interior of a circle or sphere): 當心／当心 (dāngxīn), 當中／当中 (dāngzhōng), 核心 (héxīn), 中央 (zhōngyāng)
(centre: place where some function or activity occurs): 基點／基点 (jīdiǎn)

Proper noun

中心

(～區) a former name of Siming District (思明區) in Xiamen, Fujian, China during the late 1940s
(～村) Zhongxin (a village in Wudian, Guangshui, Suizhou, Hubei, China)

Adverb

中心

(Classical Chinese) in the heart; with all one's heart; from the bottom of one's heart
- 謔浪笑敖，中心是悼。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  谑浪笑敖，中心是悼。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Xuè làng xiào ào, zhōngxīn shì dào. [Pinyin]
  With scornful words and dissolute, — the smile of pride.
  To the centre of my heart I am grieved.
- 其母死，哭泣無涕，中心不戚。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  其母死，哭泣无涕，中心不戚。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Qí mǔ sǐ, kūqì wú tì, zhōngxīn bù qī. [Pinyin]
  When his mother died, in all his wailing for her he did not shed a tear, and in the core of his heart he felt no distress.
- 中心憯怛，愛人之仁也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  中心憯怛，爱人之仁也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Zhōngxīn cǎn dá, ài rén zhī rén yě. [Pinyin]
  Where there is a deep and compassionate sympathy in the heart, we have humanity evidenced in the love of others.

Derived terms

Derived terms from 中心

中心人物
中心化 (zhōngxīnhuà)
中心商品
中心城市 (zhōngxīn chéngshì)
中心店 (Zhōngxīndiàn)
中心思想 (zhōngxīn sīxiǎng)
中心粒 (zhōngxīnlì)
中心街 (zhōngxīnjiē)
中心角
健身中心 (jiànshēn zhōngxīn)
副都市中心
呼叫中心 (hūjiào zhōngxīn)
大考中心
家扶中心
市中心 (shìzhōngxīn)
快感中心 (kuàigǎn zhōngxīn)
托老中心
日中心
熟食中心 (shúshí zhōngxīn)
物流中心
管制中心
自我中心 (zìwǒ zhōngxīn)
世貿中心／世贸中心
中國中心主義／中国中心主义 (Zhōngguó zhōngxīn zhǔyì)
中心匯率／中心汇率
中心區／中心区 (zhōngxīnqū)

中心商業區／中心商业区 (zhōngxīn shāngyèqū)
中心法則／中心法则 (zhōngxīn fǎzé)
中心體／中心体 (zhōngxīntǐ)
中心點／中心点
商業中心／商业中心 (shāngyè zhōngxīn)
國家中心城市／国家中心城市
國際金融中心／国际金融中心
報案中心／报案中心
境外航運中心／境外航运中心
境外轉運中心／境外转运中心
小販中心／小贩中心 (xiǎofàn zhōngxīn)
復健中心／复健中心
活動中心／活动中心
種源中心／种源中心
線上購物中心／线上购物中心
職訓中心／职训中心
航發中心／航发中心
西方中心主義／西方中心主义 (xīfāngzhōngxīnzhǔyì)
視聽中心／视听中心
資料交換中心／资料交换中心
資訊中心／资讯中心
購物中心／购物中心 (gòuwù zhōngxīn)
道路中心樁／道路中心桩
電話交友中心／电话交友中心
馬上辦中心／马上办中心

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (中心):

→ Japanese: 中(ちゅう)心(しん) (chūshin)
→ Korean: 중심(中心) (jungsim)
→ Vietnamese: trung tâm (中心)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
中	心
ちゅう Grade: 1	しん Grade: 2
on’yomi

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese compound 中心 (MC ʈɨuŋ siɪm, literally “heart in the middle”). Compare modern Hakka reading chûng-sîm.

From 中 (chū, “center”) + 心 (shin, “core”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ちゅうしん [chùúshíń] (Heiban – [0])[1][2][3]
IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɨᵝːɕĩɴ]

Noun

中(ちゅう)心(しん) • (chūshin) ^{←ちゆうしん (tyūsin)^?}

center, middle, heart, core (physical center)
- 1931, 宮本百合子, ワルシャワのメーデー:
  広場(ひろば)の中心(ちゅうしん)へ行(い)くと、やっと、行列(ぎょうれつ)らしいものがあった。
  Hiroba no chūshin e iku to, yatto, gyōretsu-rashī mono ga atta.
  She went to the middle of the plaza and finally found a sort of queue.
center, hub (most important area of activity)
- 1908, 夏目漱石, 坑夫:
  事(こと)の起(おこ)りを調(しら)べて見(み)ると、中心(ちゅうしん)には一人(ひとり)の少女(しょうじょ)がいる。
  Koto no okori o shirabete miru to, chūshin ni wa hitori no shōjo ga iru.
  If you investigate its origins, you'll find one girl at the center of it all.
crux, main point
- 1921, 豊島与志雄, 反抗:
  今後(こんご)の生活(せいかつ)が問題(もんだい)の中心(ちゅうしん)だった。
  Kongo no seikatsu ga mondai no chūshin datta.
  The main issue was how we would live from then on.

Derived terms

中心人物(ちゅうしんじんぶつ) (chūshin jinbutsu): leader
中心地(ちゅうしんち) (chūshinchi): center, metropolis
中心思想(ちゅうしんしそう) (chūshin shisō): central idea
中心点(ちゅうしんてん) (chūshinten): center
中心的(ちゅうしんてき) (chūshinteki): central, mainline
中心的役割(ちゅうしんてきやくわり) (chūshinteki yakuwari): central role
中心窩(ちゅうしんか) (chūshinka): fovea centralis
中心街(ちゅうしんがい) (chūshingai): town center
中心角(ちゅうしんかく) (chūshinkaku): central angle
中心部(ちゅうしんぶ) (chūshinbu): central part
中心静脈(ちゅうしんじょうみゃく) (chūshin jōmyaku): central vein
自己中心(じこちゅうしん) (jiko chūshin): selfishness, egotism
自己中心性(じこちゅうしんせい) (jiko chūshinsei): egocentrism
自己中心的(じこちゅうしんてき) (jiko chūshinteki): egoistic, selfish
質量中心(しつりょうちゅうしん) (shitsuryō chūshin): center of mass

Idioms

中(ちゅう)心(しん)とする (chūshin to suru): play a leading role
中(ちゅう)心(しん)となる (chūshin to naru): play a central role

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
中	心
なか Grade: 1	こ > ご Grade: 2
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 中心 – see the following entry.

【中子なかご】

[noun] center

[noun] This term needs a translation to English.

(This term, 中心, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
中	心

Noun

中心 • (jungsim) (hangeul 중심)

Hanja form^? of 중심 (“center, middle”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
中	心

Noun

中心

chữ Hán form of trung tâm (“center”).

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[ZAJ-1] 1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN

[SMK7-2] 2011, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Seventh Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-3] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN