合作

Chinese

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hézuò

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hap⁶ zok³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ha̍p-chok
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ha̍p-chok

(Teochew, Peng'im): hah⁸ zag⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): ⁵hheq-tsoq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hézuò
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hézuò
  - Wade–Giles: ho²-tso⁴
  - Yale: hé-dzwò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hertzuoh
  - Palladius: хэцзо (xɛczo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵ t͡swɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hap⁶ zok³
  - Yale: hahp jok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hap⁹ dzok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: heb⁶ zog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐp̚² t͡sɔːk̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ha̍p-chok
  - Hakka Romanization System: hab zog`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hab⁶ zog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /hap̚⁵ t͡sok̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ha̍p-chok
  - Tâi-lô: ha̍p-tsok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: habzog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hap̚²⁴⁻² t͡sɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hah⁸ zag⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ha̍h tsak
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haʔ⁴⁻² t͡sak̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ⁵hheq-tsoq
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɦəʔ¹¹ t͡sʊʔ²³/

Etymology 1

		to close; to gather; to join to close; to gather; to join; to fit; all; together	to regard as; to take (somebody) for; to do to regard as; to take (somebody) for; to do; to make
simp. and trad. (合作)		合	作
anagram		作合

Verb

合作

to cooperate; to collaborate; to work together
合作機制／合作机制 ― hézuò jīzhì ― cooperative mechanism

合作協議／合作协议 ― hézuò xiéyì ― cooperation agreement

司法合作 ― sīfǎ hézuò ― judicial cooperation

點對點合作／点对点合作 ― diǎnduìdiǎn hézuò ― peer-to-peer cooperation

中外合作 ― zhōngwài hézuò ― Sino-foreign cooperation

促進地區間的合作 [MSC, trad.]
促进地区间的合作 [MSC, simp.]
cùjìn dìqū jiān de hézuò [Pinyin]
to promote regional cooperation

洽商合作事宜 ― qiàshāng hézuò shìyí ― to discuss matters relating to cooperation

謝謝您的合作。／谢谢您的合作。 ― Xièxie nín de hézuò. ― Thanks for your cooperation.

市政府與公司簽署了合作框架協議。 [MSC, trad.]
市政府与公司签署了合作框架协议。 [MSC, simp.]
Shìzhèngfǔ yǔ gōngsī qiānshǔ le hézuò kuàngjià xiéyì. [Pinyin]
The city government has signed a cooperative framework agreement with the company.

Synonyms

edit

Synonyms of 合作

一力 (yīlì)
共同努力 (gòngtóng nǔlì)
勠力 (lùlì) (literary)
合力 (hélì)
合手 (héshǒu)
合把 (hébǎ) (Beijing)
戮力 (lùlì) (literary)
搭配 (dāpèi)
通力 (tōnglì) (literary)
配合 (pèihé)
並肩／并肩 (bìngjiān) (figurative)

併力／并力 (bìnglì) (literary)
協作／协作 (xiézuò)
協力／协力 (xiélì)
協同／协同 (xiétóng)
合夥／合伙 (héhuǒ)
拍檔／拍档 (pāidàng) (chiefly Cantonese)
提攜／提携 (tíxié)
搭檔／搭档 (dādàng)
牽手／牵手 (qiānshǒu) (figurative)
聯手／联手 (liánshǒu) (figurative)

Derived terms

Derived terms from 合作

上合 (Shàng Hé)
合作化 (hézuòhuà)
合作方 (hézuòfāng)
合作社 (hézuòshè)
合作者 (hézuòzhě)

合作伙伴 (hézuò huǒbàn)
公共私營合作制／公共私营合作制 (gōnggòng sīyíng hézuò zhì)
合作無間／合作无间 (hézuòwújiàn)
合作醫療／合作医疗 (hézuò yīliáo)
經濟合作與發展組織／经济合作与发展组织 (Jīngjì Hézuò Yǔ Fāzhǎn Zǔzhī)

Proper noun

合作

(～鎮) Hezuo Town (a town in Qidong, Jiangsu, China)

Etymology 2

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (合作)		合	作
anagram		作合

Phono-semantic matching of Tibetan གཙོས (gtsos). Replaced 黑錯／黑错, the previous transliteration of the same Tibetan name, in 1956.

Proper noun

合作

(～市) Hezuo (a county-level city in Gannan prefecture, Gansu, China)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
合	作
がっ Grade: 2	さく Grade: 2
on’yomi

Noun

合(がっ)作(さく) • (gassaku)

collaboration, producing something together

Verb

合(がっ)作(さく)する • (gassaku suru) suru (stem 合(がっ)作(さく)し (gassaku shi), past 合(がっ)作(さく)した (gassaku shita))

to collaborate

Conjugation

Conjugation of "合作する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	合作し	がっさくし	gassaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	合作し	がっさくし	gassaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	合作する	がっさくする	gassaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	合作する	がっさくする	gassaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	合作すれ	がっさくすれ	gassaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	合作せよ¹ 合作しろ²	がっさくせよ¹ がっさくしろ²	gassaku seyo¹ gassaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	合作される	がっさくされる	gassaku sareru
Causative	合作させる合作さす	がっさくさせるがっさくさす	gassaku saseru gassaku sasu
Potential	合作できる	がっさくできる	gassaku dekiru
Volitional	合作しよう	がっさくしよう	gassaku shiyō
Negative	合作しない	がっさくしない	gassaku shinai
Negative continuative	合作せず	がっさくせず	gassaku sezu
Formal	合作します	がっさくします	gassaku shimasu
Perfective	合作した	がっさくした	gassaku shita
Conjunctive	合作して	がっさくして	gassaku shite
Hypothetical conditional	合作すれば	がっさくすれば	gassaku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
合	作

Noun

合作 • (hapjak) (hangeul 합작)

Hanja form^? of 합작 (“collaboration”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
合	作

Verb

合作

chữ Hán form of hợp tác (“to cooperate; to collaborate”).

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