帽

帽 U+5E3D, 帽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E3D
← 帼
[U+5E3C]
CJK Unified Ideographs 帾 →
[U+5E3E]

帽 U+2F886, 帽
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F886
← 帨
[U+2F885]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 幩 →
[U+2F887]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

帽 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 中月日月山 (LBABU), four-corner 46260, composition ⿰巾冒)

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.
帽
2nd round simp. 𫷀
alternative forms 冃
㡌
𧛕

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *muːɡs) : semantic 巾 (“cloth”) + phonetic 冒 (OC *muːɡs, *mɯːɡ).

Etymology

Wanderwort of Southeastern and Eastern Asia, thus its origin is disputed.

Possibly from Sino-Tibetan. It has been compared to Tibetan རྨོག (rmog, “helmet”) (Starostin; Sagart, 2017) and Rgyalrongic forms for “mushroom” (cf. Breton tog-touseg, literally “frog hat”), such as Japhug tɤ-jmɤɣ (Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) suggests an Austroasiatic derivation since this is a relatively late word and Shuowen defines 冃 (an ancient form of 帽) as “head cover” of the Southern indigenous people, which may allude to a southern origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *muuk ~ muək (“hat”), whence Mon ဒမှော် (həmok, “wide hat”) and Khmer មួក (muək), which he also connects to 鍪 (OC *mu, “metal cap; helmet”). Also compare Thai หมวก (mùuak), which Schuessler (2007) derives from the Khmer word. However, Alves (2018) considers it likely for the Proto-Mon-Khmer word to be a loan from Chinese, and Alves (2020) also suggests that the Tai forms spread from Chinese.

Often considered to be related to 冒 (OC *muːɡs, “to cover”) (Wang, 1982; Starostin), though Schuessler (2007) thinks that it may be reinterpreted as such based on parallel development of 被 (OC *bralʔ, *brals, “to cover; bedding”).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • bō - vernacular;
  • mō͘ - literary.
Note:
  • mau5 - vernacular;
  • mau4 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 帽
Mandarin Beijing /mɑu⁵¹/
Harbin /mau⁵³/
Tianjin /mɑu⁵³/
Jinan /mɔ²¹/
Qingdao /mɔ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /mau³¹²/
Xi'an /mau⁴⁴/
Xining /mɔ²¹³/
Yinchuan /mɔ¹³/
Lanzhou /mɔ¹³/
Ürümqi /mɔ²¹³/
Wuhan /mau³⁵/
Chengdu /mau¹³/
Guiyang /mao²¹³/
Kunming /mɔ²¹²/
Nanjing /mɔo⁴⁴/
Hefei /mɔ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /mau⁴⁵/
Pingyao /mɔ³⁵/
Hohhot /mɔ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /mɔ²³/
Suzhou /mæ³¹/
Hangzhou /mɔ¹³/
Wenzhou /mɜ²²/
Hui Shexian /mɔ²²/
Tunxi /mən²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /mau⁵⁵/
/mau¹¹/
Xiangtan /maɯ²¹/
Gan Nanchang /mɑu²¹/
Hakka Meixian /mau⁵³/
Taoyuan /mo⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /mou³⁵/
Nanning /mu²²/
Hong Kong /mou³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /bo²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /mɔ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /mau⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /bo³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /mau³⁵/

Rime
Character 帽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 莫報切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/mɑuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/mɑuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/mɑuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/mawH/
Li
Rong
/mɑuH/
Wang
Li
/mɑuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/mɑuH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
mào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mou6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 帽
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
mào
Middle
Chinese
‹ mawH ›
Old
Chinese
/*mˁuk-s/
English hat

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 帽
Reading # 1/1
No. 8917
Phonetic
component
冃
Rime
group
奧
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
冃
Old
Chinese
/*muːɡs/
Notes 見漢賦,說文作冃

Definitions

帽

  1. hat; cap (Classifier: 頂/顶 c)
  2. cap (protective cover)
    筆帽/笔帽  ―  bǐmào  ―  cap of a pen
  3. (Hong Kong Cantonese, neologism, slang) Short for 戴綠帽/戴绿帽 (“to cuckold”).

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (帽):
  • → Japanese: 帽(ぼう) (bō)
  • → Vietnamese: mạo (帽)

Others:

  • → Bouyei: maauh
  • →? Lao: ໝວກ (mūak)
  • →? Proto-Mon-Khmer: *muuk ~ muək (“hat”)
  • →? Thai: หมวก (mùuak)
  • → Vietnamese: mũ
  • → Zhuang: mauh

References

Japanese

Shinjitai 帽
Kyūjitai
[1]

帽󠄁
帽+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
帽󠄃
帽+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

帽

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. cap

Readings

Compounds

References

  1. “帽”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 帽 • (mo) (hangeul 모)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

帽: Hán Nôm readings: mạo, mão, mũ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.