廿

See also: 廾

廿	U+5EFF, 廿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EFF

← 廾
[U+5EFE]

CJK Unified Ideographs

开 →
[U+5F00]

Translingual

Han character

廿 (Kangxi radical 55, 廾+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 廿 (T), four-corner 4477₀, composition ⿵卄一)

Derived characters

𣲟, 𨑬, 𥾰, 𧺧, 𧿰, 𠦜, 𣢓, 𩑪, 𠃟, 𣏼, 炗, 革, 㒼, 堇, 黃, 嬊, 㷼, 燕, 鷰, 卋, 𦬵, 𠂺, 𠀠, 枽
甘, 丗, 度, 席, 庹, 庶, 庻, 㢜, 𣂷

References

KangXi: page 353, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9586
Dae Jaweon: page 668, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 59, character 2
Unihan data for U+5EFF

Chinese

simp. and trad.		廿
alternative forms		卄廾念

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 廿
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Etymology

The pronunciation in most dialects is a contraction of 二十 (èrshí). The irregular pronunciation (e.g. /nVm/) dates back to the Song dynasty, to avoid homophony with a vulgar word; see 入 (rù).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niàn (nian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jaa⁶, je⁶, jap⁶, nim⁶
Min Dong (BUC): nĭk / niék / niêng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): jia̍p / lia̍p

(Teochew, Peng'im): riab⁸ / rih⁸ / niam⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): ³nye; ³ne

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niàn
  - Wade–Giles: nien⁴
  - Yale: nyàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niann
  - Palladius: нянь (njanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /njɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jaa⁶, je⁶, jap⁶, nim⁶
  - Yale: yah, yeh, yahp, nihm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jaa⁶, je⁶, jap⁹, nim⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ya⁶, yé⁶, yeb⁶, nim⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jaː²²/, /jɛː²²/, /jɐp̚²/, /niːm²²/

Note: jap6, nim6 - rare.

Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: nĭk / niék / niêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡiʔ⁵/, /nˡiɛʔ²⁴/, /nˡiɛŋ²⁴²/

Note:

nĭk/niék - colloquial;
niêng - literary.

Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: jia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jiap
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ʑiap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑiap̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍p
  - Tâi-lô: lia̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liap
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /liap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /liap̚²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: riab⁸ / rih⁸ / niam⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jia̍p / ji̍h / niăm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡ziap̚⁴/, /d͡ziʔ⁴/, /niam³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ³nye; ³ne
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲe̞²³/, /ne̞²³/

Note: 3nye - usually pronounced /nʲi̯e/.

Middle Chinese: /ȵiɪp̚/

Rime
Character	廿
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	侵 (141)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	人執切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵip̚/
Li Rong	/ȵiəp̚/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jap⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*n[ə]p/

(Zhengzhang): /*njɯb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	廿
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	niàn
Middle Chinese	‹ nyip ›
Old Chinese	/*n[ə]p/
English	twenty (fused variant of 二十) (Sagart & Ma, 2020)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	廿
Reading #	1/1
No.	9487
Phonetic component	廿
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	入
Old Chinese	/*njɯb/
Notes	二十合音，宋後音變讀念

Definitions

廿

twenty

Usage notes

In Mandarin, 二十 (èrshí) is usually used. 廿 (niàn) is more commonly used in describing dates of the Chinese calendar.

References

“Entry #799”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

廿

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

twenty

Readings

Go-on: にゅう (nyū)^{←にふ (nifu, historical)}
Kan-on: じゅう (jū)^{←じふ (zifu, historical)}
Kun: にじゅう (nijū, 廿)^{←にじふ (nizifu, 廿, historical)}; はたち (hatachi, 廿)

Compounds

廿(はつ)日(か) (hatsuka)
廿(はつ)日(か)市(いち) (Hatsukaichi)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
廿
にじゅう Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Numeral

廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^{←にじふ (nizifu)^?}

Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): twenty, 20

Noun

廿(にじゅう) • (nijū) ^{←にじふ (nizifu)^?}

Alternative spelling of 二十 (nijū): a twenty-year-old

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
廿
はたち Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Noun

廿(はたち) • (hatachi)

Alternative spelling of 二十歳 (hatachi): a twenty-year-old

Proper noun

廿(はたち) • (Hatachi)

a surname

Korean

Hanja

廿 (eumhun 스물 입 (seumul ip))
廿 (eumhun 이십 입 (isip ip))

twenty; twentieth

Vietnamese

Han character

廿: Hán Nôm readings: niệm, trấp, trập, nhập, chấp

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