慚

See also: 惭
慚 U+615A, 慚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-615A
← 慙
[U+6159] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 慛 →
[U+615B]

Translingual

Han character

慚 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心十十中 (PJJL), four-corner 92021, composition ⿰忄斬)

References
  • KangXi: page 398, character 40
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11096
  • Dae Jaweon: page 738, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2344, character 20
  • Unihan data for U+615A

Chinese
trad. 慚
simp. 惭
alternative forms 慙／惭

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (斬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
慚 *zaːm
慙 *zaːm
鏨 *zaːm, *zaːmʔ, *zaːms, *zeːm, *zamʔ
槧 *zaːmʔ, *sʰam, *sʰams, *zamʔ
暫 *zaːms
蹔 *zaːms
斬 *ʔsreːmʔ
獑 *zeːm, *zaːm
嶃 *zreːmʔ, *zaːm
覱 *ʔsraːms
摲 *sʰraːms
漸 *ʔsam, *zamʔ
塹 *sʰams
壍 *sʰams
嬱 *sʰams
螹 *zam, *zamʔ
蔪 *zamʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zaːm) : phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic 心 (“heart”)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 慚
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 談 (143)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 昨甘切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡zɑm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡zɑm/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zɑm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡zam/
Li
Rong		 /d͡zɑm/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zɑm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱɑm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 cán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 caam4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 慚
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzam ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[dz]ˁam/
English ashamed

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 慚
Reading # 1/1
No. 16788
Phonetic
component		 斬
Rime
group		 談
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 慙
Old
Chinese		 /*zaːm/
Notes 同慙

Definitions

慚

  1. ashamed; embarrassed

Usage notes

Compounds
  • 慚感／惭感
  • 慚愧／惭愧 (cánkuì)
  • 慚愧無地／惭愧无地
  • 慚沮／惭沮
  • 慚皺／惭皱
  • 慚色／惭色 (cánsè)
  • 慚赧／惭赧
  • 慚鳧企鶴／惭凫企鹤
  • 林慚澗愧／林惭涧愧
  • 滿面羞慚／满面羞惭
  • 燕妒鶯慚／燕妒莺惭
  • 羞慚／羞惭 (xiūcán)
  • 自慚形穢／自惭形秽 (zìcánxínghuì)
  • 衾影無慚／衾影无惭

Japanese

Kanji
慚

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

慚 • (cham) (hangeul 참, revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)

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Vietnamese

Han character

慚: Hán Nôm readings: tàm, tuồm, tam, tom, tùm

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