抑

See also: 印

抑	U+6291, 抑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6291

← 抐
[U+6290]

CJK Unified Ideographs

抒 →
[U+6292]

Translingual

Han character

抑 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手竹女中 (QHVL), four-corner 5702₀, composition ⿰扌卬)

Derived characters

𠳑

References

KangXi: page 421, character 9

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11883

Dae Jaweon: page 768, character 9

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1841, character 7

Unihan data for U+6291

Chinese

simp. and trad.		抑

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 抑
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) : A hand suppressing a kneeling person. For contrast, see 印 (yìn).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jik¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ya
Min Dong (BUC): ék
Min Nan (POJ): iak / ek / iah / ah / ia̍h / a̍h / á
Wu (Wiktionary): ⁴iq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yì
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Yale: yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - Palladius: и (i)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jik¹
  - Yale: yīk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ya
  - Hakka Romanization System: ia
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ya⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯a⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ya
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)ia
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ya⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯a⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ék
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɛiʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
  - Tâi-lô: iak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
  - Tâi-lô: ik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: eg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iah
  - Tâi-lô: iah
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iaq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iaʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ah
  - Tâi-lô: ah
  - Phofsit Daibuun: aq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /aʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iah
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: a̍h
  - Tâi-lô: a̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ah
  - IPA (Xiamen): /aʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /aʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: á
  - Tâi-lô: á
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ar
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /a⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

iak/ek - literary;
iah/ah/ia̍h/a̍h/á - vernacular.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ⁴iq
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i̯ɪʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ʔɨk̚/

Rime
Character	抑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	蒸 (134)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於力切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɨk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiek̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔik̚/
Li Rong	/ʔiək̚/
Wang Li	/ĭək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jik¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ʔ](r)ik/, /*[ʔ]ik/

(Zhengzhang): /*qɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	抑	抑
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔik ›	‹ ʔik ›
Old Chinese	/*[ʔ](r)ik/	/*[ʔ]ik/
English	and, but, or	rub, repress
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	抑
Reading #	1/1
No.	15013
Phonetic component	抑
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	憶
Old Chinese	/*qɯɡ/
Notes	説文從反印

Definitions

抑

to press down; to keep down
to repress; to suppress; to restrain; to restrict
to hinder; to hamper; to obstruct
to lower (one's head); to look down
deep; low-pitched
sulky; depressed
(Min Dong) muggy; sultry; humid
or (linking alternatives)
furthermore; moreover; also
however; but
then; and
Meaningless sentence-initial particle.
a surname

Compounds

冤抑
勒抑 (lèyì)
崇本抑末
平抑
怒不可抑
怨抑
悲不可抑
愊抑
抑且
抑制 (yìzhì)
抑制栽培
抑割
抑勒
抑塞
抑塞磊落

抑或 (yìhuò)
抑抑
抑搔
抑是 (yìshì)
抑止 (yìzhǐ)
抑遏
掩抑
沉抑
遏抑 (èyì)
務本抑末／务本抑末
壓抑／压抑 (yāyì)
扶弱抑強／扶弱抑强
抑威餌敵／抑威饵敌
抑強扶弱／抑强扶弱 (yìqiángfúruò)

抑惡揚善／抑恶扬善
抑揚／抑扬 (yìyáng)
抑揚頓挫／抑扬顿挫 (yìyángdùncuò)
抑損／抑损
抑災／抑灾
抑鬱／抑郁 (yìyù)
抑鬱寡歡／抑郁寡欢
揚清抑濁／扬清抑浊
擠抑／挤抑
諂上抑下／谄上抑下
謙抑／谦抑 (qiānyì)
貶抑／贬抑 (biǎnyì)
頓挫抑揚／顿挫抑扬
鬱抑／郁抑 (yùyì)

Japanese

Kanji

抑

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

suppress

Readings

Go-on: おく (oku)
Kan-on: よく (yoku, Jōyō)
Kun: おさえる (osaeru, 抑える, Jōyō); そもそも (somosomo, 抑)

Definitions

Kanji in this term
抑
そもそも Grade: S
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 抑 – see the following entry.

【そもそも】

[conjunction] in the first place, to begin with, (in a question) at all

Alternative spellings
抑々, 抑, 抑も

(This term, 抑, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

抑 • (eok) (hangeul 억, revised eok, McCune–Reischauer ŏk, Yale ek)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

抑: Hán Nôm readings: ức, ực

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.