旗幟

See also: 旗帜

Chinese
banner; flag flag
trad. (旗幟) 旗 幟
simp. (旗帜) 旗 帜

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 旗 幟 幟
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 書 (26) 昌 (24)
Final (韻) 之 (19) 之 (19) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) III III III
Fanqie 渠之切 式吏切 昌志切
Baxter gi syiH tsyhiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡɨ/ /ɕɨH/ /t͡ɕʰɨH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡɨ/ /ɕɨH/ /t͡ɕʰɨH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡie/ /ɕieH/ /t͡ɕʰieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gɨ/ /ɕɨH/ /cʰɨH/
Li
Rong		 /ɡiə/ /ɕiəH/ /t͡ɕʰiəH/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭə/ /ɕĭəH/ /t͡ɕʰĭəH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi/ /ɕiH/ /t͡ɕʰiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qí shì chì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 kei4 si3 ci3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 旗
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gi ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ](r)ə/
English flag

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 旗 幟 幟 幟
Reading # 1/1 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 9948 17245 17248 17249
Phonetic
component		 其 戠 戠 戠
Rime
group		 之 代 代 代
Rime
subdivision		 0 0 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 其 志 熾 試
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡɯ/ /*tjɯɡs/ /*tʰjɯɡs/ /*hljɯɡs/

Noun

旗幟

  1. banner; flag (Classifier: 面)
  2. (figurative) good example; model
  3. (figurative) representative or charismatic stands, theories, or thoughts

Synonyms
  • (banner):
  • (good example):
Synonyms of 旗幟

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (旗幟):
  • → Japanese: 旗幟(きし) (kishi)
  • → Korean: 기치(旗幟) (gichi)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
旗 幟
き
Grade: 4		 し
Hyōgaiji
kan’on on’yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Middle Chinese 旗幟 (MC ɡɨ ɕɨH|t͡ɕʰɨH, literally “flag + banner”).

First cited in Japanese to a portion of the Shoku Nihongi dated to 765.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

旗(き)幟(し) • (kishi) 

  1. [from 765] banner, flag (particularly as used in battle to show position on the field)
  2. [from 1890] (by extension from the "position" sense) one's clear stance, attitude, or position with regard to an issue; a person who clearly advocates for such a position

References
  1. “旗幟”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
旗幟

Noun

旗幟 • (gichi) (hangeul 기치)

  1. Hanja form? of 기치 (“banner, flag”).
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