段

See also: 假 and 殷
段 U+6BB5, 段
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BB5
← 殴
[U+6BB4]
CJK Unified Ideographs 殶 →
[U+6BB6]

Translingual

Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

段 (Kangxi radical 79, 殳+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹十竹弓水 (HJHNE), four-corner 77447, composition ⿰⿰丨亖殳)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 584, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16619
  • Dae Jaweon: page 977, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2155, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+6BB5

Chinese

simp. and trad.
段

Glyph origin

Origin is unknown or unclear.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • tōaⁿ - vernacular;
  • toān - literary (incl. surname).
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: deng7 / duêng6 / duang6
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tṳ̄ng / tuĕng / tuăng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /tɯŋ¹¹/, /tueŋ³⁵/, /tuaŋ³⁵/
Note: duêng6/duang6 - surname.

Rime
Character 段
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒玩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/duɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/dʷɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/duɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dwanH/
Li
Rong
/duɑnH/
Wang
Li
/duɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱuɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
duàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dyun6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 段
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
duàn
Middle
Chinese
‹ twanH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁo[n]-s/
English hammer

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 段
Reading # 1/1
No. 2534
Phonetic
component
段
Rime
group
元
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
段
Old
Chinese
/*doːns/

Definitions

段

  1. section; piece; division
  2. administrative unit; department
  3. (sports) grade; level (in chess, martial arts, etc.)
  4. Classifier for a segment or section of something that is long: piece; segment
  5. Classifier for a distance or a period of time.
  6. Classifier for writing, speech, etc.
  7. a surname
    段祺瑞  ―  Duàn Qíruì  ―  Duan Qirui (Chinese warlord and politician)

Usage notes

The component on the left-hand side of the character can be referred to as 段字旁 (duànzìpáng).

Synonyms

  • (classifier for a segment or section): (Cantonese, Min) 橛 (gyut6)

Compounds

  • 廣播段/广播段
  • 強硬手段/强硬手段
  • 後段班/后段班
  • 拴搐豔段/拴搐艳段
  • 時段/时段 (shíduàn)
  • 段數/段数
  • 段頭/段头
  • 現階段/现阶段
  • 碎屍萬段/碎尸万段
  • 禮數款段/礼数款段
  • 線段/线段 (xiànduàn)
  • 豔段/艳段
  • 階段/阶段 (jiēduàn)
  • 頓段/顿段
  • 體段/体段
  • 高壓手段/高压手段
  • 黃金時段/黄金时段 (huángjīn shíduàn)

Descendants

  • → Thai: ตอน (dtɔɔn)

Further reading

Japanese

Kanji

段

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. step
  2. rank; grade

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
段
だん
Grade: 6
on’yomi

Noun

段(だん) • (dan) 

  1. steps (up and down); stairs
  2. rating; ranking
  3. row; line (of text)
  4. (mathematics) multiplication table
    12(じゅうに)の段(だん)
    jūni no dan
    12 times table
  5. (typography) the equivalent to a column in Western layout, but that can be horizontal or vertical depending on the writing direction
    Meronym: 行 (gyō, “line”)
    段(だん)数(すう)
    dansū
    a column count
    段(だん)間(かん)
    dankan
    column spacing; gutter

Suffix

段(だん) • (-dan) 

  1. (after a number) -th rank; -th degree black belt (in karate, judo, etc)
  2. a section (horizonal line) in the gojūon table, which consists of kana that have or historically have had the same vowel
    は行(ぎょう)う段(だん)
    ha-gyō u-dan
    row ha, section u (of consonant /h/ and vowel /u/)
  3. (typography, newspapers) a unit in newspaper typesetting, equal to 1408 mils, 1408⁄1000 in, 128 U and 16 倍 (bai)

Coordinate terms

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 段 (MC duɑnH). Recorded as Middle Korean ⿰⿰丨亖⿱コ又/단〯 (tǎn) (Yale: tan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 段 (eumhun 구분 단 (gubun dan))

  1. Hanja form? of 단 (“step”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

段: Hán Nôm readings: đoạn, đoàn

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