瑞

瑞 U+745E, 瑞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-745E
← 瑝
[U+745D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 瑟 →
[U+745F]

Translingual

Han character

瑞 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一土山一月 (MGUMB), four-corner 12127, composition ⿰𤣩耑)

References
  • KangXi: page 738, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21131
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1148, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1126, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+745E

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 瑞

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 瑞
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (耑) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
揣 *toːlʔ, *sʰrolʔ
褍 *toːlʔ, *toːn
惴 *tjols
圌 *djol, *djon
篅 *djol, *djon
瑞 *djols
端 *toːn
剬 *toːn, *tjonʔ
偳 *toːn, *tʰoːn
鍴 *toːn
耑 *toːn
踹 *toːns, *djonʔ
湍 *tʰoːn, *tjon
煓 *tʰoːn
貒 *tʰoːn, *tʰoːns
諯 *stʰons, *tjon, *tʰjons, *djon
顓 *tjon
喘 *tʰjonʔ
遄 *djon
輲 *djon
椯 *djon
歂 *djon, *djonʔ
腨 *djonʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djols) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 耑 (OC *toːn).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 瑞
Mandarin Beijing /ʐuei⁵¹/
Harbin /luei²¹³/
/ʐuei²¹³/
Tianjin /ʐuei⁵³/
Jinan /luei²¹/
Qingdao /ʂue⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʐuei³¹²/
Xi'an /fei⁴⁴/
Xining /fɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /ʐuei¹³/
Lanzhou /fei¹³/
Ürümqi /vei²¹³/
Wuhan /suei³⁵/
Chengdu /suei¹³/
/zuei¹³/
Guiyang /suei²¹³/
Kunming /ʂuei²¹²/
Nanjing /ʐuəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /ʂue⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /zuei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /suei³⁵/
Hohhot /ʐuei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /zø²³/
Suzhou /ze³¹/
Hangzhou /zz̩ʷei¹³/
Wenzhou /zz̩²²/
Hui Shexian /ɕye²²/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /ɕyei⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ɕyəi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /sui²¹/ ～金
Hakka Meixian /sui⁵³/
Taoyuan /sui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /søy²²/
Nanning /sui²²/
Hong Kong /søy²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sui²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /suɔi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /sy⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /sui³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sui³⁵/
Rime
Character 瑞
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 支 (12)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 是僞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑiuᴇH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑʷiɛH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑjuɛH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑwiə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiueH/
Wang
Li		 /ʑǐweH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑwie̯H/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shuì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 seoi6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 瑞
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 ruì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzyweH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[d]or-s/
English jade tablet

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 瑞
Reading # 1/1
No. 2499
Phonetic
component		 耑
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 睡
Old
Chinese		 /*djols/

Definitions

瑞

  1. † token made of jade
  2. auspicious omen
  3. auspicious
  4. a surname

Compounds
  • 瑞氣／瑞气
  • 瑞氣祥雲／瑞气祥云
  • 瑞爾／瑞尔 (ruì'ěr)
  • 瑞獸／瑞兽
  • 瑞穗鄉／瑞穗乡
  • 瑞簽／瑞签
  • 瑞腦／瑞脑
  • 瑞雲／瑞云
  • 瑞靄／瑞霭
  • 瑞麥／瑞麦
  • 瑞龍／瑞龙 (Ruìlóng)
  • 祥雲瑞彩／祥云瑞彩 (xiángyúnruìcǎi)
  • 祥雲瑞氣／祥云瑞气
  • 祥麟瑞鳳／祥麟瑞凤
  • 賴比瑞亞／赖比瑞亚 (Làibǐruìyà)
  • 門闌藹瑞／门阑蔼瑞

Japanese

Kanji
瑞

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. congratulations

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “what is its historical reading?”)

Hanja

瑞 (eumhun 상서로울 서 (sangseoroul seo))

  1. Hanja form? of 서 (“auspicious; lucky”).

Vietnamese

Han character

瑞: Hán Nôm readings: thụy/thuỵ, thụy/thuỵ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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