玷

玷 U+73B7, 玷
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-73B7
← 玶
[U+73B6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 玸 →
[U+73B8]

Translingual

Han character

玷 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一土卜口 (MGYR), four-corner 11160, composition ⿰𤣩占)

References
  • KangXi: page 728, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20895
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1140, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1106, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+73B7

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 玷

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (占) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
頕 *taːm
煔 *ɦlaːm, *hljems, *hl'eːms
炶 *ɦlaːm
詀 *rteːm, *rdeːms, *teːm, *tʰjeb
站 *rteːms
檆 *sreːm
黏 *nem
粘 *nem
枮 *slem, *ʔl'ɯm
霑 *tem
沾 *tem, *teːms, *tʰeːm
覘 *tems, *tʰem
鉆 *tʰem, *ɡrem, *tʰeːb
占 *ʔljem, *tjems
颭 *tjemʔ
佔 *tjems, *teːm
苫 *hljem, *hljems
痁 *hljem, *teːms
蛅 *njem
阽 *lem
敁 *teːm
掂 *tiːm
點 *teːmʔ
玷 *teːmʔ, *teːms
店 *tiːms
坫 *tiːms, *tim
黇 *tʰeːm
扂 *deːmʔ
拈 *neːm
鮎 *neːm
砧 *ʔl'ɯm
笘 *teːb
跕 *teːb, *tʰeːb
貼 *tʰeːb
帖 *tʰeːb
怗 *tʰeːb
呫 *tʰeːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *teːmʔ, *teːms) : semantic 𤣩 + phonetic 占 (OC *ʔljem, *tjems).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • diam1 - Shantou;
  • diem1 -Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 玷
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 添 (157)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 多忝切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /temX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /temX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɛmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tɛmX/
Li
Rong		 /temX/
Wang
Li		 /tiemX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tiemX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 diǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 dim2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 玷 玷
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 diàn diàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ temX › ‹ temH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˁemʔ/ /*tˁemʔ-s/
English black spot black spot, flaw

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 玷 玷
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 16722 16727
Phonetic
component		 占 占
Rime
group		 談 談
Rime
subdivision		 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 點 店
Old
Chinese		 /*teːmʔ/ /*teːms/

Definitions

玷

  1. flaw in gem; defect in jade
  2. (figuratively, of a person) flaw in character
  3. to blemish; to stain

Compounds
  • 瑕玷
  • 白圭之玷
  • 畢生之玷／毕生之玷

Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 玷 – see 掂 (“to weigh in hand”).
(This character, 玷, is an obsolete form of 掂.)

References

Japanese

Kanji
玷

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

玷 • (jeom) (hangeul 점, revised jeom, McCune–Reischauer chŏm, Yale cem)

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Vietnamese

Han character

玷: Hán Nôm readings: điếm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings
  • Nôm: đém, điếm

References
  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville
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