禽

禽 U+79BD, 禽
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79BD
← 禼
[U+79BC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 禾 →
[U+79BE]

Translingual

Han character

禽 (Kangxi radical 114, 禸+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人卜山月 (OYUB), four-corner 80427, composition ⿱𠆢离)

Derived characters
  • 噙 擒 檎 蠄
  • 𠘅 𢢬 𤢌 𦡬 𥋼 𥼝 𦔟 𧴐 𨆓 𪒭 𣍗 𧈛
  • 𮓄 𮮓

References
  • KangXi: page 848, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24893
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1270, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 199, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+79BD

Chinese
trad. 禽
simp. # 禽

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 禽
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
貪 *kʰl'uːm
嗿 *l̥ʰuːmʔ
僋 *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
酓 *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
馠 *qʰɯːm
谽 *qʰɯːm
唅 *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
含 *ɡɯːm
肣 *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
頷 *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
筨 *ɡɯːm
梒 *ɡɯːm
鋡 *ɡɯːm
莟 *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
琀 *ɡɯːms
浛 *ɡɯːms
盦 *qɯːm, *qaːb
韽 *qɯːm, *qrɯːms
玪 *krɯːm
妗 *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
欦 *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
黔 *ɡram, *ɡrɯm
鈐 *ɡram
鳹 *ɡram
雂 *ɡram, *ɡrɯm
念 *nɯːms
梣 *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
枔 *sɢrɯm
岑 *sɡrɯm
笒 *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
涔 *sɡrɯm
侺 *ɡjɯms
今 *krɯm
黅 *krɯm
衿 *krɯm
衾 *kʰrɯm
坅 *kʰrɯmʔ
搇 *kʰrɯms
琴 *ɡrɯm
禽 *ɡrɯm
芩 *ɡrɯm
庈 *ɡrɯm
耹 *ɡrɯm
靲 *ɡrɯm
擒 *ɡrɯm
檎 *ɡrɯm
紟 *ɡrɯms
吟 *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
訡 *ŋɡrɯm
廞 *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
陰 *qrɯm
霠
飲 *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
蔭 *qrɯms
廕 *qrɯms
矜 *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Ideogram (指事) – an animal (离, bottom) being captured by a mouth (亼, top); compare 离. In current form, graphically 人 + 离.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 禽
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 侵 (140)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 巨金切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡᵚim/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gjim/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjəm/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 kam4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 禽 禽
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qín qín
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gim › ‹ gim ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[C.ɢ](r)[ə]m/ /*[C.ɢ](r)[ə]m/
English bird; animal catch, capture

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 禽
Reading # 1/1
No. 6607
Phonetic
component		 今
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 琴
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡrɯm/

Definitions

禽

  1. (literary) birds and beasts
  2. birds (as a general category); fowl
    禽流感  ―  qínliúgǎn  ―  bird flu
  3. † Alternative form of 擒 (“to capture; to catch”).
  4. a surname

Synonyms

Compounds
Derived terms from 禽

Japanese

Kanji
禽

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. bird
  2. (more specifically) chicken

Readings

Compounds

Usage notes

Rarely used in modern Japanese. The character 鳥 is used instead to spell the tori reading.

Korean

Hanja

禽 (eumhun 날짐승 금 (naljimseung geum))

  1. Hanja form? of 금 (“birds, fowl, winged animals”).

Vietnamese

Han character

禽: Hán Nôm readings: cầm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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