秀

秀 U+79C0, 秀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79C0
← 禿
[U+79BF]
CJK Unified Ideographs 私 →
[U+79C1]

Translingual

Han character

秀 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹木弓竹尸 (HDNHS), four-corner 20227, composition ⿱禾乃)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 849, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24911
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1270, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2589, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+79C0

Chinese

trad. 秀
simp. # 秀
alternative forms 𥝙
𥝠
Barley ear.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 秀
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

From an earlier form 𥝙, attested in the stone drum inscriptions (石鼓文 (shígǔwén)) from the Warring States period.

According to Chi (2010), the character is an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 禾 (“rice plant”) + 引 (“to draw out flowers”) — blooming of a rice plant. The Shuihudi Qin bamboo texts (睡簡) recorded this character as ⿱禾引. The bottom component 弓 found in the stone drum inscriptions is likely a reduction of 引.

Xu Kai (徐鍇), the author of 《說文解字繫傳》 (10th century AD) gave the following explanation: Pictogram (象形) : 禾 (“plant”) + 乃, resembling a fruit/an ear hanging off a plant.

Shuowen states that this character was tabooed at that time (2nd century AD) and so did not elaborate on its origin, due to it being the birth name of Emperor Guangwu of Han.

Etymology 1

May be a causative of 褎 (OC *lɯws, “growth of seedlings”). Compare Proto-Vietic *m-loh (“to blossom”) (whence Vietnamese trổ (“to burst, to open, to display”), lổ (“naked”)), and Khmer លាស់ (lŏəh, “to grow, to blossom, to prosper”).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character 秀
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 息救切
Baxter sjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/sɨuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/siuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/siəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/suwH/
Li
Rong
/siuH/
Wang
Li
/sĭəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯ə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sau3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 秀
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiù
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjuwH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s-l]u(ʔ)-s/
English to flower

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 秀
Reading # 1/1
No. 13934
Phonetic
component
秀
Rime
group
幽
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
秀
Old
Chinese
/*slus/

Definitions

秀

  1. † (of plants, especially of crops) to shoot out into ears; earing; ear
    秀而不實/秀而不实  ―  xiù'érbùshí  ―  to put forth flowers but bear no fruit
  2. † (of plants) to bear fruit
  3. † (of plants) to blossom
  4. beautiful; elegant; graceful
    秀麗/秀丽  ―  xiùlì  ―  pretty
    秀美  ―  xiùměi  ―  elegant
    眉清目秀  ―  méiqīngmùxiù  ―  with delicate features
  5. (especially of a person) outstanding; prominent; extraordinary
    優秀/优秀  ―  yōuxiù  ―  excellent
    俊秀  ―  jùnxiù  ―  elegant; pretty

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (秀):
  • → Japanese: 秀(しゅ) (shu)
  • → Korean: 수(秀) (su)
  • → Vietnamese: tú (秀)

Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching of English show. Doublet of 騷/骚 (sāo)

Pronunciation


Definitions

秀

  1. to manifest; to show; to display
    秀出  ―  xiùchū  ―  to show
  2. show
    脫口秀/脱口秀  ―  tuōkǒuxiù  ―  talk show
    時裝秀/时装秀  ―  shízhuāngxiù  ―  fashion show
Synonyms
  • (show): (Cantonese) 騷/骚 (sou1)

Compounds

  • 作秀 (zuòxiù)
  • 工地秀
  • 政治秀
  • 牛肉秀
  • 個人秀/个人秀
  • 秀場/秀场

Japanese

Kanji

秀

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. excellent, outstanding

Readings

Kanji in this term
秀
しゅう
Grade: S
on’yomi

Proper noun

秀(しゅう) • (Shū) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

秀 (eumhun 빼어날 수 (ppaeeonal su))

  1. outstanding, remarkable, excellent

Vietnamese

Han character

秀: Hán Nôm readings: tú

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.