稀

See also: 希
稀 U+7A00, 稀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A00
← 秿
[U+79FF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 稁 →
[U+7A01]

Translingual

Han character

稀 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹木大大月 (HDKKB), four-corner 24927, composition ⿰禾希)

Derived characters
  • 𤏨, 𦻎, 𤏤

References
  • KangXi: page 853, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25058
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1277, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2609, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7A00

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 稀
2nd round simp. 希
alternative forms 希

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (希) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
桸 *hral, *hlɯl
郗 *l̥ʰɯl
絺 *l̥ʰɯl
脪 *l̥ʰɯl, *hrɯnʔ, *hlɯns
瓻 *l̥ʰɯl
希 *hlɯl
晞 *hlɯl
莃 *hlɯl
鵗 *hlɯl
稀 *hlɯl
睎 *hlɯl
豨 *hlɯl, *hlɯlʔ
悕 *hlɯl
俙 *hlɯl, *hlɯlʔ
欷 *hlɯl, *hlɯls
浠 *hlɯl
唏 *hlɯlʔ, *hlɯls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hlɯl) and ideogrammic compound (會意) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 希 (OC *hlɯl, “rare; sparse”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 稀
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 微 (20)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 香衣切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /hɨi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /hɨi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xiəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /hɨj/
Li
Rong		 /xiəi/
Wang
Li		 /xĭəi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 hei1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 稀
Reading # 1/1
No. 13254
Phonetic
component		 希
Rime
group		 微
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 希
Old
Chinese		 /*hlɯl/

Definitions

稀

  1. rare; uncommon; scarce
  2. sparse
  3. diluted; thin
  4. thin or watery thing
  5. very

Synonyms
  • (dilute):
Dialectal synonyms of 稀 (“dilute; thin”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 稀
Mandarin Beijing 稀
Taiwan 稀
Jinan 稀
Xi'an 稀
Wuhan 稀, 清
Chengdu 清, 稀
Yangzhou 稀, 消
Hefei 稀, 消
Cantonese Guangzhou 稀
Hong Kong 稀
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 稀
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 清
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 鮮
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 稀
Macau 稀
Guangzhou (Panyu) 稀
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 稀
Guangzhou (Conghua) 稀
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 青
Foshan 稀
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 稀
Foshan (Shunde) 稀
Foshan (Sanshui) 稀
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 稀
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 稀
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 稀
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 稀
Zhuhai (Doumen) 稀
Jiangmen (Baisha) 稀
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 稀
Taishan 稀
Kaiping (Chikan) 稀
Enping (Niujiang) 稀
Heshan (Yayao) 稀
Dongguan 青
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 青
Yangjiang 清
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 稀
Gan Nanchang 清, 稀
Hakka Meixian 鮮
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 稀
Dongguan (Qingxi) 鮮
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 鮮
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 稀
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鮮
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 鮮
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 鮮
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 鮮
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 鮮
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 鮮
Hong Kong 鮮
Senai (Huiyang) 鮮
Jin Taiyuan 稀
Min Bei Jian'ou 䭕
Min Dong Fuzhou 清
Min Nan Xiamen 漖, 飲
Quanzhou 漖
Zhangzhou 漖
Chaozhou 漖, 𬓤
Shantou 𬓤
Shantou (Chenghai) 𬓤
Jieyang 漖, 𬓤
Bangkok (Teochew) 𬓤
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 𬓤
Leizhou 浮
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 稀
Wu Suzhou 薄
Yuyao 薄, 朗
Wenzhou 薄
Xiang Changsha 清, 稀
Shuangfeng 清, 稀

Antonyms
  • (thin): 稠 (chóu)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji
稀

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings
  • Go-on: け (ke)
  • Kan-on: き (ki)
  • Kun: まれ (mare); まばら (mabara)

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, 稀 is mostly replaced by 希, due to the deprecation of non-tōyō kanji caused by the Japanese script reform.

Japanese terms with 稀 replaced by daiyōji 希
希ガス
古希
希
希代
希少
希有
希薄
希釈

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
稀
き
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 稀 – see the following entry.
【希き】4
[affix] rare; scarce
[affix] sparse; dilute
Alternative spellings
稀, け
(This term, 稀, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
稀
まれ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
希

Adjective

稀(まれ) • (mare) -na (adnominal 稀(まれ)な (mare na), adverbial 稀(まれ)に (mare ni))

  1. rare
Inflection
Inflection of 稀
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 稀だろ まれだろ mare daro
Continuative (連用形) 稀で まれで mare de
Terminal (終止形) 稀だ まれだ mare da
Attributive (連体形) 稀な まれな mare na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 稀なら まれなら mare nara
Imperative (命令形) 稀であれ まれであれ mare de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 稀ではない
稀じゃない		 まれではない
まれじゃない		 mare de wa nai
mare ja nai
Informal past 稀だった まれだった mare datta
Informal negative past 稀ではなかった
稀じゃなかった		 まれではなかった
まれじゃなかった		 mare de wa nakatta
mare ja nakatta
Formal 稀です まれです mare desu
Formal negative 稀ではありません
稀じゃありません		 まれではありません
まれじゃありません		 mare de wa arimasen
mare ja arimasen
Formal past 稀でした まれでした mare deshita
Formal negative past 稀ではありませんでした
稀じゃありませんでした		 まれではありませんでした
まれじゃありませんでした		 mare de wa arimasen deshita
mare ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 稀で まれで mare de
Conditional 稀なら（ば） まれなら（ば） mare nara (ba)
Provisional 稀だったら まれだったら mare dattara
Volitional 稀だろう まれだろう mare darō
Adverbial 稀に まれに mare ni
Degree 稀さ まれさ maresa

Korean

Hanja

稀 • (hui) (hangeul 희, revised hui, McCune–Reischauer hŭi, Yale huy)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

稀: Hán Việt readings: hi (香(hương)依(y)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
稀: Nôm readings: sè[2][3][4][5], si[6][3][5], sây[3][4][5], hì[2][6], sầy[2][6], hi[3][4], sề[1], hề[2], sì[2], sé[6]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
  1. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  2. Trần (2004).
  3. Bonet (1899).
  4. Génibrel (1898).
  5. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  6. Hồ (1976).
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