腕

腕 U+8155, 腕
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8155
← 腔
[U+8154] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 腖 →
[U+8156]

Translingual

Han character

腕 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 月十弓山 (BJNU), four-corner 73212, composition ⿰月宛)

References
  • KangXi: page 987, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29631
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1440, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2092, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8155

Chinese
trad. 腕
simp. # 腕
alternative forms 掔 ancient

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (夗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涴 *qoːls, *qoːn, *qonʔ
埦 *qoːn
豌 *qoːn
剜 *qoːn
眢 *qoːn, *qon
蜿 *qoːn, *qon, *qonʔ
帵 *qoːn
碗 *qoːnʔ
椀 *qoːnʔ
盌 *qoːnʔ
腕 *qoːns
惋 *qoːns
捥 *qoːns
睕 *qoːns, *qonʔ, *qoːd
琬 *qoːns, *qonʔ
鴛 *quːn, *qon
鵷 *qon
惌 *qon, *qonʔ
宛 *qon, *qonʔ
怨 *qon, *qons
葾 *qon
夗 *qonʔ
婉 *qonʔ
菀 *qonʔ, *qud
苑 *qonʔ, *qons
踠 *qonʔ
畹 *qonʔ, *qons
倇 *qonʔ
晼 *qonʔ
黦 *qod, *qod, *qud
焥 *qoːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qoːns) : semantic ⺼ (“meat, body part”) + phonetic 宛 (OC *qon, *qonʔ) – a part of the body.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • óaⁿ - vernacular;
  • oán - literary.
Rime
Character 腕
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 烏貫切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔuɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔʷɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔuɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔwanH/
Li
Rong		 /ʔuɑnH/
Wang
Li		 /uɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔuɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 wàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 wun3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 腕
Reading # 1/1
No. 16275
Phonetic
component		 夗
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 惋
Old
Chinese		 /*qoːns/

Definitions

腕

  1. wrist
  2. arm (of invertebrates)

Compounds
  • 令人扼腕
  • 偏袒扼腕
  • 偏袒搤腕
  • 手腕 (shǒuwàn)
  • 扼腕 (èwàn)
  • 提腕
  • 搤腕
  • 攘袂扼腕
  • 枕腕

Japanese

Kanji
腕

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. arm
  2. ability
  3. talent

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
腕
うで
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *untay. Cognate with Okinawan 腕 (udi).

Pronunciation

Noun

腕(うで) • (ude)  (counter 本)

  1. (anatomy) arm
    • 2006 December 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第(だい)百十九訓(くん)　四人(にん)揃(そろ)えばいろんな知(ち)恵(え) [Lesson 119: Four Heads Are Better Than One]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 14 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
      ……腕(うで)がなんで二本(ほん)あるかしってるか　それはな
      ……Ude ga nan de ni-hon aru ka shitteru ka Sore wa na
      ……Do you know why we have two hands? For situations like this
      早(はや)まるな万事(よろず)屋(や)‼希(き)望(ぼう)を捨(す)てるな
      Hayamaru na yorozuya‼ Kibō o suteru na
      Hang in there, do-it-all guy‼ Don’t give up hope just yet
  2. ability; skill; talent

Etymology 2

From an original form kapina, reduced first to kaɸina, then kawina, then kaina.

Pronunciation

Noun

腕(かいな) • (kaina) ←かひな (kafina)?

  1. arm

Noun

腕(ただむき) • (tadamuki) 

  1. arm

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 腕 (MC ʔuɑnH).

Historical readings

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [wa̠(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [완(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 腕 (eumhun 팔 완 (pal wan))

  1. Hanja form? of 완 (“arm; wrist”).

Compounds
Compounds
  • 완장 (腕章, wanjang)
  • 촉완 (觸腕, chogwan)
  • 완력 (腕力, wallyeok)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

腕: Hán Nôm readings: oản, uyển

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