街

街 U+8857, 街
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8857
← 衖
[U+8856] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 衘 →
[U+8858]

Translingual
Stroke order
12 strokes

Han character

街 (Kangxi radical 144, 行+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹人土土弓 (HOGGN), four-corner 21104, composition ⿲彳圭亍)

References
  • KangXi: page 1109, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34051
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1573, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 831, character 16
  • Unihan data for U+8857

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 街
2nd round simp. 亍

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
街 *kreː, *kreː
鞋 *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː
娾 *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ
佳 *kreː
鮭 *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
涯 *ŋreː, *ŋre
崖 *ŋreː, *ŋre
啀 *ŋreː
厓 *ŋreː
捱 *ŋreː
睚 *ŋreːs
娃 *qreː
洼 *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː
哇 *qreː, *qʷraː
胿 *ɡeː, *kʷeː
溎 *qeːns
觟 *ɡʷraːʔ
黊 *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː
蘳 *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe
蛙 *qʷraː, *qʷreː
窪 *qʷraː
卦 *kʷreːs
挂 *kʷreːs
掛 *kʷreːs
詿 *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs
罣 *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs
絓 *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs
鼃 *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː
圭 *kʷeː
珪 *kʷeː
邽 *kʷeː
閨 *kʷeː
袿 *kʷeː
窐 *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː
茥 *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
桂 *kʷeːs
筀 *kʷeːs
奎 *kʰʷeː
刲 *kʰʷeː
蝰 *kʰʷeː
楏 *kʰʷeː
睳 *qʰʷeː
畦 *ɡʷeː
眭 *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi
烓 *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ
跬 *kʰʷeʔ
恚 *qʷes
硅 *qʰʷreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kreː, *kreː) : semantic 行 + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Note:
  • koe/ke/kere - vernacular;
  • kai - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 街
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiɛ⁵⁵/
Harbin /kai⁴⁴/
/t͡ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕie²¹/
/kai²¹/ 老
Jinan /t͡ɕiɛ²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiɛ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕiɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/
Xining /kɛ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kɛ⁴⁴/
/t͡ɕie⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kɛ³¹/
Ürümqi /kai⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kai⁵⁵/
Chengdu /kai⁵⁵/
Guiyang /kai⁵⁵/
Kunming /kæ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiɛ³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕie̞²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ka⁵³/
Suzhou /kɑ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕie̞³³/
Wenzhou /ka³³/
Hui Shexian /ka³¹/
Tunxi /ka¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /kai³³/
Xiangtan /kai⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /kai⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ke⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ke²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kai⁵⁵/
Nanning /kai⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kai⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kai⁵⁵/
/kue⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kɛ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kai⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /koi³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kɔi²³/
Rime
Character 街 街
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 佳 (31) 皆 (33)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II II
Fanqie 古膎切 古諧切
Baxter kea keaj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠɛ/ /kˠɛi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚæ/ /kᵚæi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kæi/ /kɐi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kaɨj/ /kəɨj/
Li
Rong		 /kɛ/ /kɛi/
Wang
Li		 /kai/ /kɐi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kai/ /kăi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiā jiē
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gaai1 gaai1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 街
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiē
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kɛ ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ˁre/
English road-crossing

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 街 街
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 4527 4532
Phonetic
component		 圭 圭
Rime
group		 支 支
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 皆 佳
Old
Chinese		 /*kreː/ /*kreː/
Notes 本音佳

Definitions

街

  1. (countable) street (Classifier: 條／条 m c)
    街景  ―  jiējǐng  ―  street scene
    地下街  ―  dìxiàjiē  ―  underground street
  2. market; fair
  3. Short for 街道 (jiēdào, “subdistrict”).
    新港街  ―  Xīngǎng Jiē  ―  Xingang Subdistrict
  4. (Hong Kong Cantonese) block (distance between streets in a grid pattern) (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    1. (figuratively) distance; margin
      贏九條街／赢九条街 [Cantonese]  ―  jeng4 gau2 tiu4 gaai1 [Jyutping]  ―  to win by a large margin (literally, “to win nine street blocks”)
  5. (Hong Kong Cantonese) outside
    街外人 [Cantonese]  ―  gaai1 ngoi6 jan4 [Jyutping]  ―  outsider
    街症 [Cantonese]  ―  gaai1 zing3 [Jyutping]  ―  outpatient clinic
  6. a surname

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 街 (“street”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 街, 街道
Mandarin Beijing 街
Taiwan 街
Jinan 街
Xi'an 街, 街道
Wuhan 街, 街道
Chengdu 街, 街道
Guilin 街
Yangzhou 街
Hefei 街
Cantonese Guangzhou 街
Hong Kong 街
Yangjiang 街, 街巷
Gan Nanchang 街
Hakka Meixian 街, 街路
Jin Taiyuan 街
Min Bei Jian'ou 街墿
Min Dong Fuzhou 街
Min Nan Xiamen 街路
Quanzhou 街路
Zhangzhou 街路
Tainan 街路, 街仔路, 街仔
Manila (Hokkien) 街路
Chaozhou 街路
Jieyang 街路
Wu Suzhou 街
Wenzhou 街路, 街
Xiang Changsha 街
Shuangfeng 街

Compounds
Derived terms from 街

Descendants
  • → Bouyei: gaail
  • → Zhuang: gai

References

Japanese

Kanji
街

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. main street or boulevard

Readings

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) まち​ [màchíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
  • IPA(key): [ma̠t͡ɕi]

Noun

街(まち) • (machi) 

  1. Alternative spelling of 町

Derived terms

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 街 (MC kˠɛ, kˠɛi). Recorded as Middle Korean 개 (kay) (Yale: kay) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation
  • (street; road):
  • (in 街道 and 街頭):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 街 (eumhun 거리 가 (geori ga))

  1. Hanja form? of 가 (“street; road”).

Compounds
Compounds

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

街: Hán Nôm readings: nhai

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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