集中

Chinese

		to gather; to collect; collected works	middle; center; within middle; center; within; among; in; while (doing sth); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark)
trad. (集中)		集	中
simp. ^#(集中)		集	中

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jízhōng

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˊ ㄓㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaap⁶ zung¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): si̍p-chûng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chi̍p-tiong

(Teochew, Peng'im): zib⁸ dong¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jízhōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ ㄓㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jíjhong
  - Wade–Giles: chi²-chung¹
  - Yale: jí-jūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyijong
  - Palladius: цзичжун (czičžun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zaap⁶ zung¹
  - Yale: jaahp jūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap⁹ dzung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zab⁶ zung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːp̚² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: si̍p-chûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: xib zung´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xib⁶ zung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕip̚⁵ t͡suŋ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chi̍p-tiong
  - Tâi-lô: tsi̍p-tiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cibdiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕip̚⁴⁻³² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕip̚²⁴⁻² tiɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕip̚⁴⁻³² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕip̚⁴⁻³² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zib⁸ dong¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsi̍p tong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sip̚⁴⁻² toŋ³³/

Verb

集中

to concentrate; to focus
集中精力 ― jízhōng jīnglì ― to focus; to concentrate
to bring together; to assemble; to converge
to centralise

Synonyms

(to concentrate): 集注 (jízhù)
(to bring together):

edit

Synonyms of 集中

允集 (yǔnjí) (literary)
坌集 (bènjí) (literary)
密集 (mìjí)
搜集 (sōují)
收集 (shōují)
相聚 (xiāngjù)
群集 (qúnjí)
聚 (jù)
聚合 (jùhé)
聚集 (jùjí)
聚首 (jùshǒu) (formal, usually of leaders, important figures)
蒐集 (sōují)
集 (jí) (literary, or in compounds)
集合 (jíhé)
麇集 (qúnjí) (literary)
匯／汇 (huì)
匯總／汇总 (huìzǒng)
匯聚／汇聚 (huìjù)
匯集／汇集 (huìjí)
叢集／丛集 (cóngjí)
團聚／团聚 (tuánjù)
委會／委会 (wěihuì) (literary)
彙集／汇集 (huìjí)
徵集／征集 (zhēngjí)

採擷／采撷 (cǎijié) (literary)
採集／采集 (cǎijí)
搜羅／搜罗 (sōuluó)
摟／搂 (lōu)
攏／拢 (lǒng)
攢／攒 (cuán)
收羅／收罗 (shōuluó)
收錄／收录 (shōulù)
會合／会合 (huìhé)
會聚／会聚 (huìjù)
會集／会集 (huìjí)
湊／凑 (còu)
湊集／凑集 (còují)
籌集／筹集 (chóují)
糾合／纠合 (jiūhé) (literary)
糾集／纠集 (jiūjí) (derogatory)
聚攏／聚拢 (jùlǒng)
聚斂／聚敛 (jùliǎn)
聚會／聚会 (jùhuì)
薈萃／荟萃 (huìcuì) (literary)
蝟集／猬集 (wèijí) (literary)
調集／调集 (diàojí)
集會／集会 (jíhuì)
集結／集结 (jíjié)

Adjective

集中

centralised

Synonyms

edit

統一／统一 (tǒngyī)

Antonyms

edit

分散 (fēnsàn)
散漫 (sǎnmàn) (literary)
零散 (língsǎn)

零星 (língxīng)
零碎 (língsuì)
零零星星 (línglíngxīngxīng)

Derived terms

集中營／集中营 (jízhōngyíng)

集中趨勢度量／集中趋势度量 (jízhōng qūshì dùliàng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
集	中
しゅう Grade: 3	ちゅう Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しゅうちゅう [shùúchúú] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [ɕɨᵝːt͡ɕɨᵝː]

Noun

集(しゅう)中(ちゅう) • (shūchū) ^{←しふちゆう (sifutyuu)^?}

concentration
- 2002 December 20, Shimamoto, Kazuhiko, “第１話漫画家死闘熱涙編 [Chapter 1: The Hot Tears in the Comics Artist’s Eternal Struggle]”, in 燃えよペン [Burn, Pen!] (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 22:
  このキャラのバックに集中線を入れてくれたまえ。
  Kono kyara no bakku ni shūchū sen o irete kuretamae.
  Now draw concentrated lines over the background of this character.

Verb

集(しゅう)中(ちゅう)する • (shūchū suru) ^{←しふちゆう (sifutyuu)^?}suru (stem 集(しゅう)中(ちゅう)し (shūchū shi), past 集(しゅう)中(ちゅう)した (shūchū shita))

concentrate
集中(しゅうちゅう)できない。
Shūchū dekinai.
I can't focus. / I keep losing my concentration.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "集中する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	集中し	しゅうちゅうし	shūchū shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	集中し	しゅうちゅうし	shūchū shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	集中する	しゅうちゅうする	shūchū suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	集中する	しゅうちゅうする	shūchū suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	集中すれ	しゅうちゅうすれ	shūchū sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	集中せよ¹ 集中しろ²	しゅうちゅうせよ¹ しゅうちゅうしろ²	shūchū seyo¹ shūchū shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	集中される	しゅうちゅうされる	shūchū sareru
Causative	集中させる集中さす	しゅうちゅうさせるしゅうちゅうさす	shūchū saseru shūchū sasu
Potential	集中できる	しゅうちゅうできる	shūchū dekiru
Volitional	集中しよう	しゅうちゅうしよう	shūchū shiyō
Negative	集中しない	しゅうちゅうしない	shūchū shinai
Negative continuative	集中せず	しゅうちゅうせず	shūchū sezu
Formal	集中します	しゅうちゅうします	shūchū shimasu
Perfective	集中した	しゅうちゅうした	shūchū shita
Conjunctive	集中して	しゅうちゅうして	shūchū shite
Hypothetical conditional	集中すれば	しゅうちゅうすれば	shūchū sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
集	中

Noun

集中 • (jipjung) (hangeul 집중)

Hanja form^? of 집중 (“concentration”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
集	中

Verb

集中

chữ Hán form of tập trung (“to concentrate”).

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