ç

Evolution of Visigothic zet to modern ç.

From ⟨ꝣ⟩, the Visigothic form of the letter z, which resembled a C with a subscript z.

• (IPA symbol):

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ç (upper case Ç)

1. The letter c with a cedilla.

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Sſs  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter C):  Ćć  Ĉĉ  Čč  Ċċ  C̄c̄  Çç  Ḉḉ  Ȼȼ  Ƈƈ  ɕ  ᴄ  Ｃｃ
• (Letters using cedilla sign or comma sign):  Çç  Ḉḉ  Ḑḑ  D̦d̦  Ȩȩ  Ģģ  Ḩḩ  Ķķ  Ļļ  Ņņ  Ŗŗ  Şş  Șș  Ţţ  Țț

ç

1. (IPA) voiceless palatal fricative

• ᶜ̧

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

ç (uppercase Ç)

1. The fourth letter of the Albanian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) shkronjë; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, Dh dh, E e, Ë ë, F f, G g, Gj gj, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, Q q, R r, Rr rr, S s, Sh sh, T t, Th th, U u, V v, X x, Xh xh, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /tʃe/

ç lower case (upper case Ç)

1. The fourth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, called çe and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

• IPA^(key): (Southern) /s̻e au̯t͡s̺i/, [s̻e̞ au̯.t͡s̺i]
• IPA^(key): (Northern) /s̻e hau̯t͡s̺i/, [s̻e̞ ɦau̯.t͡s̺i]

ç (lower case, upper case Ç)

1. The letter C with a cedilla, called ze hautsi.

• Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
• It is not considered a distinct letter, but a variant of c.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /ˌse.tɾəŋˈka.də/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˌse.tɾeŋˈka.da/

ç (lower case, upper case Ç)

1. The ce trencada, the letter c with a cedilla, used to represent /s/ before a, o or u. It is not considered a separate letter.

• (Latin-script letters) lletra; A a, À à, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, É é, È è, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, Ï ï, J j, K k, L l (L·L l·l), M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, Ò ò, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

ç (lower case, upper case Ç)

1. "c cédille", the letter c with a cedilla

Ç is not considered a distinct letter, but a variant of C. It is used where a ⟨c⟩ pronounced /s/ occurs before ⟨a⟩, ⟨o⟩ or ⟨u⟩ (due to etymology or inflection). Examples: (inflection) commencer (“to begin”, infinitive), commençons (“we begin”, first-person plural indicative present).

C + Old Galician-Portuguese Ꝣ (“Visigothic z”).

• IPA^(key): /s/

ç (lower case, upper case Ç)

1. "c cedilha" (the letter c with a cedilla)

Ç is not considered a distinct letter, but a variant of C. It is used where a <c> pronounced /s/ occurs before <a>, <o> or <u> (due to etymology or inflection). Examples: (Inflection) merecer ("to deserve", infinitive), mereça (imperative). (Etymology) maça from Latin mattia, massa from Latin massa (both /ˈmasa/). Never occurs word-initially.

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ɽ/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ɽiː/

ç (upper case Ç)

1. The fourth letter of the Rohingya alphabet, called çii and written in the Latin script.

• 𐴍
• (Latin-script letters) A a (Á á), B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e (É é), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o (Ó ó), P p (Q q), R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z

• IPA^(key): (after n) /t͡s/, (after all other letters) /s/

ç (lower case, upper case Ç)

1. (International Standard) Used to represent -ça.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

• Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “-ç-”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 15

ç (lower case, upper case Ç)

1. (obsolete) c with cedilla

• Now replaced by the letter z.

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /t͡ʃeː/

ç (lower case, upper case Ç)

1. The fourth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called çe and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

ç (upper case Ç)

1. The third letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called çe and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z