俄羅斯

Borrowed from Manchu ᠣᡵᠣᠰ (oros), from Classical Mongolian ᠣᠷᠤᠰ (orus), from Middle Mongol 斡羅思 (orus), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ). Cognates include modern Mongolian Орос (Oros), ᠣᠷᠤᠰ (orus).

Mongolian does not allow word-initial r-, and regressive vowel harmony generated the prosthetic word-initial vowel, which is retained in Chinese as an extra syllable.

俄羅斯

1. Russia (a country in Eastern Europe and Asia)

   中國和俄羅斯的邊界 [MSC, trad.]
   中国和俄罗斯的边界 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhōngguó hé Éluósī de biānjiè [Pinyin]

   the border between China and Russia

• (abbreviation) 俄 (É)
• 俄國／俄国 (Éguó)
• (Dungan) Вурус (Vurus)
• (Yuan dynasty) 斡羅思／斡罗思
• (Ming dynasty) 魯西亞／鲁西亚
• (Qing dynasty, now rather offensive) 羅剎／罗刹 (Luóchà)
• (Qing dynasty) 鄂羅斯／鄂罗斯
• (Qing dynasty, Orthodoxy) 鿡西亞／鿡西亚
• (dated, Shanghainese, attributive only) 羅宋／罗宋 (luósòng)
• (dated or Min Nan, Hakka, Northeastern Mandarin, Dalian dialect, ACG) 露西亞／露西亚 (Lùxīyà)
• (informal, by extension) 蘇聯／苏联 (Sūlián)

From Mandarin 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (éluósī).

• IPA^(key): [o̞ɾo̞sɨᵝ]

[1][2][3][4]

俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(ス) • (Orosu) 

1. (dated, rare) Russia

From Mandarin 俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (éluósī), affected by Russian Росси́я (Rossíja).

• IPA^(key): [o̞ɾo̞ɕa̠]

俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(シャ) • (Orosha) ^{←オロシヤ (oroshiya)?}

1. (dated, rare) Russia
   • (Can we date this quote?), 森鷗外, 柵草紙の山房論文:

     美(び)術(じゅつ)を評(ひょう)し、文(ぶん)學(がく)を論(ろん)ずるに當(あた)りて、沒(ぼつ)理(り)想(そう)を基(もと)とするものは、獨逸(ドイツ)に文(ぶん)庫(こ) Magazin(マガツィーン) の一黨(いっとう)あり、スカンヂナヰヤにイプセンが餘(よ)流(りゅう)あり、英吉利(イギリス)にも俄羅斯(オロシャ)にもその人(ひと)あれど、概(おほむね)皆(みな)エミル・ゾラを宗(むね)とす。

     Bijutsu o hyōshi, bungaku o ronzuru ni atari te, botsurisō o moto to suru mono wa, Doitsu ni bunko Magatsīn no ittō ari, Sukanjinawiya ni Ipusen ga yoryū ari, Igirisu nimo Orosha nimo sono hito aredo, ohomune mina Emiru Zora o mune tosu.

     (please add an English translation of this example)

俄羅斯 • (Arasa) (hangeul 아라사)

1. Hanja form^? of 아라사 (“(obsolete) Russia”).

俄羅斯

1. chữ Hán form of Nga La Tư (“(obsolete) Russia”).