凹凸

Chinese

FWOTD – 14 August 2014

		a depression; indentation; concave a depression; indentation; concave; hollow	(adj) convex; stick out
simp. and trad. (凹凸)		凹	凸
anagram		凸凹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: āotū
  - Zhuyin: ㄠㄊㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: aotu
  - Wade–Giles: ao¹-tʻu¹
  - Yale: āu-tū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: autu
  - Palladius: аоту (aotu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: āotú
  - Zhuyin: ㄠㄊㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: aotú
  - Wade–Giles: ao¹-tʻu²
  - Yale: āu-tú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: autwu
  - Palladius: аоту (aotu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: nap¹ dat⁶
  - Yale: nāp daht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nap⁷ dat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: neb¹ ded⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐp̚⁵ tɐt̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ¹au-deq
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔ⁵⁵ d̥əʔ²¹/

凹凸

uneven; bumpy; rugged
- 不是我無食力身軀閃這一滑，多管是少人行山路凹凸。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  不是我无食力身躯闪这一滑，多管是少人行山路凹凸。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: 14th century, Poetry by Qin Jianfu
  Bùshì wǒ wú shílì shēnqū shǎn zhè yī huá, duōguǎn shì shǎo rén xíng shānlù āotū. [Pinyin]
  The reason I slipped is not because my starving body was feeble; it was due to the roughness of the mountain road since not many people had walked on this.
(optics, mathematics) concavo-convex
- 論文是有關實解析函數在極值點附近的凹凸性的。 [MSC, trad.]
  论文是有关实解析函数在极值点附近的凹凸性的。 [MSC, simp.]
  Lùnwén shì yǒuguān shíjiěxīhánshù zài jízhídiǎn fùjìn de āotūxìng de. [Pinyin]
  The journal article was about concavo-convexity of real analytic functions near extremities.

Sino-Xenic (凹凸):

/aputotu/ → /aɸutotu/ → */awutot͡su/ → /autot͡su/ → /ɔːtot͡su/ → /oːtot͡su/

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 凹凸 (MC ʔˠɛp̚ duət̚). Appears in texts from at least the 1600s.[1]

凹(おう)凸(とつ) • (ōtotsu) ^{←あふとつ (afutotu)^?}

that which has a non-flat surface; uneven, bumpy
路面(ろめん)凹凸(おうとつ)あり
Romen ōtotsu ari
Caution: rough road ahead

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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