嘔

See also: 呕

嘔	U+5614, 嘔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5614

← 嘓
[U+5613]

CJK Unified Ideographs

嘕 →
[U+5615]

Translingual

Han character

嘔 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 口尸口口 (RSRR), four-corner 6101₆, composition ⿰口區)

References

KangXi: page 206, character 4

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4200

Dae Jaweon: page 429, character 2

Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 674, character 12

Unihan data for U+5614

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (區) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
摳	kʰoː, kʰo
彄	*kʰoː
剾	kʰoː, qoː
謳	*qoː
歐	qoː, qoːʔ
區	qoː, kʰo
鷗	*qoː
甌	*qoː
漚	qoː, qoːs
瞘	*qoː
嘔	qoː, qoːʔ
櫙	*qoː
膒	*qoː
蓲	qoː, kʰu, qo, qos
醧	qoː, qas
鏂	*qoː
毆	*qoːʔ
塸	*qoːʔ
貙	*kʰl'o
樞	*kʰjo
驅	kʰo, kʰos
軀	*kʰo
嶇	*kʰo
鰸	*kʰo
敺	*kʰo
傴	*qoʔ
嫗	*qos
饇	*qos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qoː, *qoːʔ) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 區 (OC *qoː, *kʰo).

Etymology 1

trad.		嘔
simp.		呕
alternative forms		歐 original form 𠴰㰶𣢨𧖼

Cognate with Tibetan སྐྱུག (skyug) (Schuessler, 2007) and Japhug qioʁ (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ǒu (ou³)

(Zhuyin): ㄡˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): au²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): eu²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): éu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): áu / ó͘ / ió

(Teochew, Peng'im): au²
Wu (Wiktionary): ²eu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ǒu
  - Zhuyin: ㄡˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ǒu
  - Wade–Giles: ou³
  - Yale: ǒu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: oou
  - Palladius: оу (ou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: au²
  - Yale: áu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: au²
  - Guangdong Romanization: eo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐu̯³⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: eu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /eu⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: éu
  - Hakka Romanization System: eu`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: eu³
  - Sinological IPA: /eu̯³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: áu
  - Tâi-lô: áu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ao
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /au⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /au⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /au⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ó͘
  - Tâi-lô: óo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: or
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ió
  - Tâi-lô: ió
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioir
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /io⁵⁵⁴/

Note: áu - vernacular, ó͘/ió - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: au²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: áu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /au⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ²eu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɜ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /ʔəuX/

Rime
Character	嘔
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏后切
Baxter	'uwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔəu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəw^X/
Li Rong	/ʔu^X/
Wang Li	/əu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ǒu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	au²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤ(r)oʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*qoːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嘔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ǒu
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔuw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*qˁ(r)oʔ/
English	vomit
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嘔
Reading #	2/2
No.	10596
Phonetic component	區
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	歐
Old Chinese	/*qoːʔ/

Definitions

嘔

to vomit

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 嘔吐 (“to vomit”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		嘔吐
Mandarin	Beijing	吐
	Taiwan	吐
	Tianjin	吐
	Chengde	吐
	Tangshan	吐
	Cangzhou	吐
	Baoding	吐, 噦
	Shijiazhuang	吐
	Chifeng	吐
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	吐
	Heihe	吐
	Qiqihar	吐
	Harbin	吐, 噦
	Jiamusi	吐
	Baicheng	吐
	Changchun	吐
	Tonghua	吐
	Shenyang	吐, 噦
	Dandong	吐, 噦, 嘔
	Jinzhou	吐, 噦
	Dalian	吐
	Yantai	嘔
	Yantai (Muping)	嘔
	Qingdao	吐, 嘔
	Lijin	吐
	Zhucheng	嘔
	Jinan	吐, 噦
	Jining	噦
	Wanrong	吐
	Shangqiu	吐, 噦
	Yuanyang	吐, 噦
	Zhengzhou	噦
	Lingbao	吐, 噦
	Xinyang	吐
	Baihe	吐
	Hanzhong	吐, 噦
	Xi'an	吐
	Baoji	吐
	Yinchuan	吐
	Tianshui	嘔
	Lanzhou	吐
	Dunhuang	吐
	Xining	吐
	Hami	吐
	Ürümqi	吐, 噦
	Wuhan	吐, 嘔, 哇
	Yichang	吐
	Xiangyang	吐
	Tianmen	吐
	Hong'an	吐, 噦
	Chengdu	吐, 發吐, 嘔吐
	Nanchong	吐
	Dazhou	吐
	Hanyuan	吐
	Xichang	吐, 嘔吐
	Zigong	吐
	Chongqing	噦, 吐
	Guiyang	吐
	Zunyi	嘔
	Bijie	吐
	Liping	吐, 噦
	Zhaotong	吐
	Dali	吐
	Kunming	吐
Mengzi	吐
Guilin	吐
Liuzhou	吐
Jishou	嘔
Changde	嘔
Anqing	吐
Xuzhou	吐, 噦
Fuyang	吐, 噦
Wuhu	吐
Yangzhou	吐, 噁
Lianyungang	吐
Lianshui	噦
Nanjing	吐, 噁
Hefei	噁
Nantong	嘔
Singapore	吐
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	噁
Cantonese	Guangzhou	嘔
	Hong Kong	嘔
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	嘔
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	嘔
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	嘔
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	嘔
	Macau	嘔
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	嘔
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	嘔
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	嘔
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	嘔
	Foshan	嘔
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	嘔
	Foshan (Shunde)	嘔
	Foshan (Sanshui)	嘔
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	嘔
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	嘔
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	嘔
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	嘔
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	嘔
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	嘔
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	嘔
	Taishan	嘔
	Kaiping (Chikan)	嘔
	Enping (Niujiang)	嘔
	Heshan (Yayao)	嘔
	Dongguan	嘔
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	嘔
	Yangjiang	嘔
	Nanning	嘔
	Wuzhou	嘔
	Yulin	發嘔
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	嘔
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	嘔
	Singapore (Guangfu)	嘔
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	嘔
Gan	Nanchang	嘔
	Lichuan	吐
	Pingxiang	嘔, 吐
Hakka	Meixian	嘔, 翻
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	嘔
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	嘔
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	發嘔
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	嘔
	Conghua (Lütian)	嘔
	Yudu	嘔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	嘔, 翻, 翻肚
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	嘔, 翻, 翻肚
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	嘔, 翻, 翻肚
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	噁, 翻, 翻肚
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	嘔, 翻, 翻肚
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	吐, 貶腹
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	吐
	Senai (Huiyang)	嘔
Huizhou	Jixi	吐
Huizhou	Shexian	吐
Jin	Taiyuan	吐
	Yangyuan	吐
	Datong	吐
	Xinzhou	吐
	Lishi	吐
	Linfen	吐
	Changzhi	吐
	Linhe	吐
	Jining	吐
	Hohhot	吐
	Erenhot	吐
	Pingshan	噦
	Zhangjiakou	吐
	Handan	吐
	Linzhou	嘔吐
	Suide	吐
Min Bei	Jian'ou	吐, 哊
Min Dong	Fuzhou	吐, 嘔, 哊, 嘔吐
Min Dong	Fuqing	吐
Min Nan	Xiamen	吐
	Quanzhou	吐
	Zhangzhou	吐
	Dongshan	吐
	Tainan	吐
	Singapore (Hokkien)	吐
	Manila (Hokkien)	吐
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	發吐
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	嘔
	Chaozhou	吐
	Shantou	吐, 嘔, 嘔噦
	Shantou (Chenghai)	吐, 嘔
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	吐
	Leizhou	吐
	Wenchang	吐
	Haikou	吐
	Singapore (Hainanese)	吐
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	噦, 嘔
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	吐
Wu	Shanghai	嘔
	Shanghai (Chongming)	嘔
	Suzhou	嘔
	Danyang	吐
	Hangzhou	冒
	Ningbo	冒
	Wenzhou	吐
	Jinhua	吐
Xiang	Changsha	嘔
	Shuangfeng	嘔
	Quanzhou	嘔

Compounds

乾嘔／干呕 (gān'ǒu)
作嘔／作呕 (zuò'ǒu)
嘔吐／呕吐 (ǒutù)
嘔心／呕心 (ǒuxīn)
嘔心吐膽／呕心吐胆

嘔心瀝血／呕心沥血 (ǒuxīnlìxuè)
嘔心絞腦／呕心绞脑
嘔心血／呕心血
嘔血／呕血 (ǒuxuè)

嘔逆／呕逆
噎嘔／噎呕
屙嘔／屙呕
止嘔／止呕

Etymology 2

trad.		嘔
simp.		呕

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ōu (ou¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄡ
Cantonese (Jyutping): au¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ou
  - Wade–Giles: ou¹
  - Yale: ōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ou
  - Palladius: оу (ou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: au¹
  - Yale: āu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: au¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: eo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐu̯⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Middle Chinese: /ʔəu/

Rime
Character	嘔
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏侯切
Baxter	'uw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔəu/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔəu/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəw/
Li Rong	/ʔu/
Wang Li	/əu/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	au¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qoː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嘔
Reading #	1/2
No.	10589
Phonetic component	區
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	謳
Old Chinese	/*qoː/
Notes	見荀子

Definitions

嘔

Alternative form of 謳／讴 (ōu, “to sing”).
(onomatopoeia) Used to describe orchestral music, cooing, etc.

string instrument or wind instrument sound
wheel-rolling sound
scull-rowing sound

Compounds

嘔唲／呕唲
嘔啞／呕哑

嘔嘔啞啞／呕呕哑哑
嘔嘔學語／呕呕学语

嘔嘔管弦／呕呕管弦
嘔笑／呕笑

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): òu (ou⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄡˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): au²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: òu
  - Zhuyin: ㄡˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: òu
  - Wade–Giles: ou⁴
  - Yale: òu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ow
  - Palladius: оу (ou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: au²
  - Yale: áu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: au²
  - Guangdong Romanization: eo²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɐu̯³⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Definitions

嘔

to make someone angry
to become angry

Compounds

嘔氣／呕气

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xū (xu¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ
Cantonese (Jyutping): heoi¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xū
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syu
  - Wade–Giles: hsü¹
  - Yale: syū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiu
  - Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: heoi¹
  - Yale: hēui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hoey¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hêu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɵy̯⁵⁵/

Definitions

嘔

(literary) affable; kind
(literary) to exhale air to warm something up

Compounds

嗷嗷嘔嘔／嗷嗷呕呕
嘔咐／呕咐

嘔喻／呕喻

嘔嘔／呕呕

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chū (chu¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄨ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: chū
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: chu
  - Wade–Giles: chʻu¹
  - Yale: chū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chu
  - Palladius: чу (ču)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

Definitions

嘔

(obsolete) the sound of anger

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ou (ou⁵)

(Zhuyin): ˙ㄡ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ou
  - Zhuyin: ˙ㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: o̊u
  - Wade–Giles: ou⁵
  - Yale: ou
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: .ou
  - Palladius: оу (ou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀoʊ̯/

Definitions

嘔

An informal greeting.

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00666
Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02062-002-1
“嘔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	呕
Kyūjitai	嘔

Kanji

嘔

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 呕)

vomit

Readings

Go-on: う (u); く (ku)
Kan-on: おう (ō); く (ku)
Kun: うたう (utau, 嘔う)^{←うたふ (utafu, 嘔ふ, historical)}; はく (haku, 嘔く)

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 嘔 – see 呕. (This term, 嘔, is an alternative spelling of the above terms.)

Korean

Hanja

嘔 • (gu, hu) (hangeul 구, 후, revised gu, hu, McCune–Reischauer ku, hu)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Tày

Han character

嘔 (transliteration needed)

Nôm form of khua.

References

Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎ (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

Han character

嘔: Hán Nôm readings: ẩu, xua, ẫu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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