腹

腹 U+8179, 腹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8179
← 腸
[U+8178] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 腺 →
[U+817A]

Translingual

Han character

腹 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月人日水 (BOAE), four-corner 78247, composition ⿰月复)

References
  • KangXi: page 990, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29722
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1442, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2097, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8179

Chinese
trad. 腹
simp. # 腹

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 腹
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愎 *brɯɡ
鍑 *puɡs, *puɡ
覆 *pʰuɡs, *buɡs, *pʰɯːɡ, *pʰuɡ
復 *buɡs, *buɡ
椱 *buɡs, *buɡ
複 *buɡs, *puɡ
馥 *brɯɡ, *buɡ
腹 *puɡ
輹 *puɡ, *buɡ
蝮 *pʰuɡ
蕧 *pʰuɡ, *buɡ
复 *buɡ
鰒 *buɡ
澓 *buɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *puɡ) : semantic 肉 (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 复 (OC *buɡ) – a part of the body.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-puːk (“belly; vitals; hollow object; cave”); cognate with 𥨍 (“cave”), Tibetan ཕུགས (phugs, “innermost parts”), Burmese ဗိုက် (buik, “belly; pregnancy”), Chepang तुक्‌ (“belly; stomach”), Proto-Bodo-Garo *bi(ʔ)-buk (“guts”), Cogtse Situ [Term?] (tə-pōk, “belly”), Brag-bar Situ [Term?] (tə-vōk, “belly”), Proto-Tani *puk (“heart”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).

Also compare Austroasiatic words: Proto-Mon-Khmer *bo()k (“belly”), Khmer ពោះ (pŭəh, “belly”) (Shorto, 2006; Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • Meixian:
    • bug5 - vernacular;
    • fug5 - literary.
Note:
  • bŭ - vernacular;
  • hŭ - literary.
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: bók / hók
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pouʔ²⁴/, /houʔ²⁴/
Note:
  • bók - vernacular;
  • hók - literary.
Note:
  • pak - vernacular;
  • hok - literary.
Note:
  • bag4 - vernacular;
  • hog4 - literary.
Rime
Character 腹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 東 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /piuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /pĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 fuk1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 腹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*p(r)uk/
English belly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 腹
Reading # 1/1
No. 3543
Phonetic
component		 复
Rime
group		 覺
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 福
Old
Chinese		 /*puɡ/

Definitions

腹

  1. (anatomy) belly; abdomen
  2. (figurative) belly-shaped object; belly (of a bottle, jar, etc.)
  3. (figurative) heart; mind
  4. (figurative) inside; interior

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 肚子 (“belly”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 腹
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 腹, 腹部, 肚子
Mandarin Beijing 肚子
Taiwan 肚子
Langfang 肚子
Tangshan 肚子
Cangzhou 肚子
Baoding 肚子
Shijiazhuang 肚子
Daming 肚子
Ulanhot 肚子
Tongliao 肚子
Chifeng 肚子
Bayanhot 肚子
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 肚子
Harbin 肚子
Yantai (Muping) 肚子
Jinan 肚子
Luoyang 肚子
Wanrong 肚子
Zhengzhou 肚
Xi'an 肚子
Yinchuan 肚子
Lanzhou 肚子
Xining 肚子
Ürümqi 肚子
Wuhan 肚子
Huanggang 肚子
Chengdu 肚皮, 肚子
Guiyang 肚皮
Guilin 肚子
Liuzhou 肚子
Xuzhou 肚子
Yangzhou 肚子
Nanjing 肚子
Hefei 肚子
Nantong 肚子
Malaysia 肚子
Singapore 肚子
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 肚子
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 肚子
Cantonese Guangzhou 肚
Hong Kong 肚
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 肚
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 肚
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 肚胈
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 肚胈
Macau 肚
Guangzhou (Panyu) 肚
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 肚
Guangzhou (Conghua) 肚
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 肚
Foshan 肚
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 肚
Foshan (Shunde) 肚
Foshan (Sanshui) 肚
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 肚
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 肚
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 肚
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 肚
Zhuhai (Doumen) 屎肚
Jiangmen (Baisha) 肚
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 肚
Taishan 肚
Kaiping (Chikan) 肚
Enping (Niujiang) 肚
Heshan (Yayao) 肚
Dongguan 屎肚
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 肚
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 肚胈
Qingyuan 肚
Fogang 肚
Yingde (Hanguang) 肚胈
Yangshan 肚
Lianshan (Butian) 肚
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 肚
Shaoguan 肚
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 肚
Renhua 肚
Lechang 肚
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 肚
Sihui 肚
Guangning 肚
Deqing 肚
Huaiji 肚
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 肚
Yunfu 肚
Xinxing 肚
Luoding 肚
Yunan (Pingtai) 肚
Yangjiang 肚
Xinyi 肚
Lianjiang 肚
Nanning 肚
Wuzhou 肚
Yulin 屎肚
Hepu (Lianzhou) 肚煲
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 肚
Singapore (Guangfu) 肚
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 肚
Mandalay (Taishan) 肚
Gan Nanchang 肚子
Lichuan 肚仔, 肚
Pingxiang 肚子
Hakka Meixian 肚屎, 肚
Xingning 肚胈
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 肚胈, 肚屎
Huidong (Daling) 肚胈
Dongguan (Qingxi) 肚胈
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 肚胈
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 肚胈
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 肚胈
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 肚屎, 肚胈
Wuhua (Huacheng) 肚胈, 肚屎
Wuhua (Changbu) 肚胈
Wuhua (Mianyang) 肚屎
Heyuan (Bendihua) 肚胈
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 肚屎
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 屎肚
Liannan 肚
Conghua (Lütian) 肚胈
Jiexi 肚屎
Luhe 肚屎
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 食肚
Changting 腹屎
Wuping 肚屎
Wuping (Yanqian) 肚屎
Wuping (Pingyu) 肚屎
Liancheng 腹屎
Ninghua 腹屎
Yudu 屎肚
Ningdu 肚籮
Ruijin 肚籮, 肚屎
Shicheng 肚籮, 肚
Shangyou (Shexi) 肚
Tonggu (Sandu) 肚
Ganzhou (Panlong) 肚
Dayu 肚哩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 肚屎
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 肚屎
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 肚屎
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 肚屎
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 屎肚, 肚屎
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 屎肚
Hong Kong 肚胈
Yangxi (Tangkou) 肚
Yangchun (Sanjia) 肚
Xinyi (Sihe) 肚
Xinyi (Qianpai) 肚
Gaozhou (Xindong) 肚
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 肚
Huazhou (Xin'an) 肚
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 肚
Lianjiang (Qingping) 肚屎
Mengshan (Xihe) 肚胈
Luchuan 肚
Luchuan (Daqiao) 肚皮, 肚
Sabah (Longchuan) 肚胈
Senai (Huiyang) 肚胈
Singkawang 肚屎
Singapore (Meixian) 肚屎
Singapore (Dabu) 肚屎
Huizhou Jixi 肚
Tunxi 肚
Jin Taiyuan 肚子
Xinzhou 肚子
Taibus (Baochang) 肚
Linhe 肚子
Jining 肚
Hohhot 肚
Baotou 肚
Dongsheng 肚子
Haibowan 肚子
Zhangjiakou 肚子
Handan 肚
Min Bei Jian'ou 腹
Jian'ou (Dikou) 腹肚
Songxi 腹肚
Zhenghe 腹
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 腹鹵
Jianyang 腹
Wuyishan 腹
Pucheng (Shibei) 腹屎, 腹仔, 腹肚
Min Dong Fuzhou 腹肚
Changle 腹肚
Fuqing 腹肚
Yongtai 腹肚
Gutian 腹肚
Fu'an 腹肚
Ningde 腹肚
Shouning 腹肚
Zhouning 腹肚
Fuding 腹肚
Matsu 腹肚
Min Nan Xiamen 腹肚
Xiamen (Tong'an) 腹肚
Quanzhou 腹肚
Jinjiang 腹肚
Hui'an 腹肚
Anxi 腹肚, 食肚
Yongchun 腹肚
Dehua 腹肚
Zhangzhou 腹肚
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 腹肚
Zhao'an 腹肚
Dongshan 腹肚
Taipei 腹肚
New Taipei (Sanxia) 腹肚
Kaohsiung 腹肚
Yilan 腹肚
Changhua (Lukang) 腹肚
Taichung 腹肚
Taichung (Wuqi) 腹肚
Tainan 腹肚
Taitung 腹肚
Hsinchu 腹肚
Kinmen 腹肚
Penghu (Magong) 腹肚
Penang (Hokkien) 腹肚
Singapore (Hokkien) 腹肚
Manila (Hokkien) 腹肚
Longyan 屎肚
Datian 腹肚
Pingnan (Shangdu) 肚, 屎肚
Chaozhou 肚
Shantou 屎肚, 肚
Shantou (Chaoyang) 肚
Jieyang 屎肚, 肚
Haifeng 肚
Bangkok (Teochew) 肚
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 肚
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 肚
Singapore (Teochew) 肚
Leizhou 肚
Wenchang 肚屎
Haikou 肚, 肚屎
Singapore (Hainanese) 肚
Puxian Min Putian 腹肚
Xianyou 腹肚
Min Zhong Yong'an 腹屎
Sanyuan 腹屎
Shaxian 腹屎
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 肚
Sanxiang 肚腩
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 肚
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 肚子
Shehua Fu'an 肚屎
Fuding 肚屎
Luoyuan 肚屎
Guixi (Zhangping) 肚
Cangnan 肚屎
Jingning 肚屎
Lishui 肚屎
Longyou 肚屎
Chaozhou 肚
Fengshun 肚屎
Wu Shanghai 肚皮
Shanghai (Chongming) 肚皮
Suzhou 肚皮
Wuxi 肚皮
Danyang 肚皮
Hangzhou 肚皮
Ningbo 肚皮
Wenzhou 肚
Jinhua 肚皮, 肚
Xiang Changsha 肚子
Loudi 肚子
Shuangfeng 肚子

Compounds
Derived terms from 腹

Japanese

Kanji
腹

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. abdomen
  2. belly
  3. stomach

Readings

Compounds
Derived terms
Kanji in this term
腹
はら
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

腹(はら) • (hara) 

  1. belly

Derived terms
Derived terms

See also

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 腹 (MC pɨuk̚). Recorded as Middle Korean 복〮 (pwók) (Yale: pwok) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 腹 (eumhun 배 복 (bae bok))

  1. Hanja form? of 복 (“belly; abdomen; stomach”).

Compounds
Compounds
  • 복근 (腹筋, bokgeun)
  • 복부 (腹部, bokbu)
  • 복막 (腹膜, bongmak)
  • 복수 (腹水, boksu)
  • 복배 (腹背, bokbae)
  • 복강 (腹腔, bokgang)
  • 복장 (腹臟, bokjang)
  • 복절 (腹節, bokjeol)
  • 복안 (腹案, bogan)
  • 복비 (腹誹, bokbi)
  • 복벽 (腹壁, bokbyeok)
  • 복심 (腹心, boksim)
  • 공복 (空腹, gongbok)
  • 심복 (心腹, simbok)
  • 복통 (腹痛, boktong)
  • 복화술 (腹話術, bokhwasul)
  • 복상사 (腹上死, boksangsa)
  • 복식호흡 (腹式呼吸, boksikhoheup)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

腹: Hán Nôm readings: phúc, phục, phuốc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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