蜀黍

Chinese
Shu broomcorn millet; glutinous millet
trad. (蜀黍) 蜀 黍
simp. #(蜀黍) 蜀 黍
Literally: “Shu millet”.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蜀 黍
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 鍾 (8) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 市玉切 舒吕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑɨok̚/ /ɕɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑuawk̚/ /ɕɨə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Wang
Li		 /ʑĭwok̚/ /ɕĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑi̯wok̚/ /ɕi̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shú shǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 suk6 syu2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蜀 黍
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shǔ shǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzyowk › ‹ syoX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[d]ok/ /*s-tʰaʔ/
English caterpillar; Shu [place name] Panicum miliaceum, glutinous

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蜀 黍
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11842 11800
Phonetic
component		 蜀 黍
Rime
group		 屋 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 蜀
Old
Chinese		 /*djoɡ/ /*hljaʔ/
Notes 甲文本象形，此爲加蟲轉註字，
亦作蠋

Noun

蜀黍

  1. sorghum
  2. (slang) Alternative form of 叔叔 (shūshu, “uncle”) (term of address for older men, especially those with unacceptable sexual habits)

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 高粱 (“sorghum”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 高粱, 蜀黍
Mandarin Beijing 高粱
Taiwan 高粱
Ulanhot 高粱
Tongliao 高粱
Chifeng 高粱
Bayanhot 高粱, 秫秫
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 高粱
Harbin 高粱
Shenyang 高粱
Yantai (Muping) 胡秫
Qingdao 胡秫
Jinan 高粱, 秫秫
Luoyang 高粱, 秫秫, 紅秫秫
Wanrong 䵚黍
Zhengzhou 黑秫秫, 秫秫
Xi'an 䵚黍
Yinchuan 秫秫
Lanzhou 秫秫, 高粱
Xining 高粱
Ürümqi 高粱
Wuhan 高粱
Huanggang 榴粟
Chengdu 高粱
Guiyang 高粱
Kunming 高粱
Liuzhou 高粱
Xuzhou 秫秫, 小秫秫
Yangzhou 高粱, 蘆書
Nanjing 高粱
Hefei 秫秫
Nantong 高粱
Singapore 高粱
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 䵚黍, 高粱
Cantonese Guangzhou 高粱粟, 高粱
Hong Kong 高粱粟, 高粱
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 高粱
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 高粱
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 高粱
Yangjiang 高粱粟, 枝勾粟
Danzhou 麥
Gan Nanchang 高粱
Lichuan 高粱
Pingxiang 高粱
Hakka Meixian 高粱粟, 蘆粟, 蘆粟仔
Xingning 羅粟
Dongguan (Qingxi) 高粱粟
Heyuan (Bendihua) 高粱
Wengyuan 高粱粟
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 高粱粟
Liannan 高粱粟
Jiexi 粟
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 高粱粟
Changting 高粱粟
Wuping 高粱粟
Wuping (Yanqian) 蘆粟
Wuping (Pingyu) 高粱粟
Liancheng 高粱粟
Ninghua 禾媽, 粟仔
Yudu 高粱粟, 粟子
Ningdu 粟子
Ruijin 粟子
Shicheng 高粱粟
Shangyou (Shexi) 粟子
Tonggu (Sandu) 蘆粟
Ganzhou (Panlong) 粟子
Dayu 粟哩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 高粱
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 高粱
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 高粱
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 高粱
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 高粱
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 高粟
Hong Kong 高粱粟
Yangxi (Tangkou) 高粱
Yangchun (Sanjia) 高粱粟
Xinyi (Sihe) 高粱粟
Xinyi (Qianpai) 高粱粟
Gaozhou (Xindong) 禾仔
Huazhou (Xin'an) 高粱
Lianjiang (Qingping) 高粱
Mengshan (Xihe) 高粱
Luchuan 高粱
Senai (Huiyang) 高粱粟, 高粱
Huizhou Jixi 蘿穄
Shexian 蘆穄
Tunxi 蘆穄
Xiuning 蘆穄
Yixian 蘆穄
Qimen 蘆穄
Wuyuan 穄粟
Jingde 蘆穄
Shitai (Xianyu) 蘆穄
Jin Taiyuan 茭子
Pingyao 䵚黍
Xinzhou 茭子
Taibus (Baochang) 高粱
Linhe 高粱
Jining 高粱
Hohhot 茭子
Baotou 高粱
Dongsheng 高粱
Haibowan 高粱
Min Bei Jian'ou 蘆粟, 高粱
Jian'ou (Dikou) 觀音粟
Songxi 粟仔
Zhenghe 高粱粟
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 黍仔
Jianyang 蘆粟
Wuyishan 龍黍
Pucheng (Shibei) 蘆粟
Min Dong Fuzhou 穄, 穄黍
Changle 穄
Fuqing 穄黍
Yongtai 黍
Gutian 黍
Fu'an 扣頭子
Ningde 高粱
Shouning 黍
Zhouning 黍
Fuding 黍
Matsu 穄米
Min Nan Xiamen 蘆黍, 番黍
Quanzhou 番黍
Zhangzhou 黍仔
Taipei 番黍, 高粱
New Taipei (Sanxia) 番黍
Kaohsiung 蘆黍, 番黍, 高粱
Yilan 番黍
Kinmen 番黍, 蘆黍, 高粱
Penghu (Magong) 蘆黍
Chaozhou 高粱
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 高粱
Wenchang 牛黍
Haikou 高粱
Puxian Min Putian 黍
Xianyou 懸跤黍
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 高粱
Wu Shanghai 高粱
Shanghai (Chongming) 高粱
Suzhou 粟子, 高粱
Wuxi 高粱
Danyang 高粱
Ningbo 蘆穄
Wenzhou 高粱粟, 蓬頭粟
Jinhua 蘆穄
Xiang Changsha 高粱
Loudi 高粱
Shuangfeng 高粱

Derived terms

Descendants
  • → Middle Korean: 슈슈 (syusyu)

Further reading

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
蜀 黍
もろこし
Hyōgaiji		 きび
Hyōgaiji
irregular kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
唐黍

Compound of 唐 (morokoshi, “China in general; (by extension) foreign”) +‎ 黍 (kibi, “millet”).

The spelling is from Chinese.[1] See shokusho below.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) もろこしき​び [mòrókóshí kíꜜbì] (Nakadaka – [5])
  • IPA(key): [mo̞ɾo̞ko̞ɕi kʲibʲi]

Noun

蜀(もろこし)黍(きび) • (morokoshi kibi) 

  1. sorghum
Usage notes

The longer term morokoshi kibi has been largely replaced by the shorter form morokoshi below.

Synonyms

Etymology 2
蜀黍 (morokoshi kibi, morokoshi, shokusho): sorghum.
Kanji in this term
蜀 黍
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
irregular
Alternative spelling
唐黍

Abbreviation of morokoshi kibi above, with the abbreviated reading then re-applied to the entire kanji compound.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) もろこし [mòrókóshí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [mo̞ɾo̞ko̞ɕi]

Noun

蜀黍(もろこし) • (morokoshi) 

  1. sorghum
  2. maize, corn (especially corn on the cob)
Usage notes

The term 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi) is more common for the maize sense.

Synonyms

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
蜀 黍
しょく
Hyōgaiji		 しょ
Hyōgaiji
kan’on

From Middle Chinese compound 蜀黍 (MC d͡ʑɨok̚ ɕɨʌX, literally “Shu (old place name) + millet”). The ancient state of Shu is roughly analogous to modern Sichuan province.

This reading appears to be rare, and may be obsolete.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ɕo̞kɯ̟ᵝɕo̞]

Noun

蜀(しょく)黍(しょ) • (shokusho) 

  1. (rare, possibly obsolete) sorghum

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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