顏

See also: 颜 and 顔
顏 U+984F, 顏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-984F
← 顎
[U+984E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 顐 →
[U+9850]

Translingual
Traditional 顏
Shinjitai 顔
Simplified 颜

Han character

顏 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input X卜竹一月 (XYHMB) or 卜竹一月金 (YHMBC), four-corner 01286, composition ⿰彥頁)

References
  • KangXi: page 1407, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43591
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1924, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 7, page 4383, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+984F

Chinese
trad. 顏/顔
simp. 颜
2nd round simp. 彦
alternative forms 𩕝
𩠪

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (彦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
喭 *ŋaːns, *ŋrans
鏟 *sŋ̊ʰreːnʔ, *sŋ̊ʰraːns
産 *sŋreːnʔ
簅 *sreːnʔ
摌 *sreːnʔ
嵼 *sŋreːnʔ
滻 *sŋreːnʔ
顏 *ŋraːn
楌 *ŋraːn
偐 *ŋraːns
齴 *ŋranʔ
遃 *ŋranʔ
嵃 *ŋranʔ
彦 *ŋrans
諺 *ŋrans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic 彥 (OC *ŋrans) + semantic 頁 (“head”).

Bronze inscription forms: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋraːn) : phonetic 产 (chǎn) + semantic 面 (“face”).

Etymology

Various possibilities exist:

  • Related to 額 (OC *ŋɡraːɡ, “forehead”) (Wang, 1982);
  • From 迓 (OC *ŋraːs, “to receive; to welcome”) + nominalising suffix *-n (Schuessler, 2007);
  • Related to Tibetan ངར (ngar, “front side”) (Schuessler, 2007).
  • From a root *ŋ(ˤ)rar (“slope, nearly vertical side”), whence also 涯 (OC *ŋˤrar, “river bank”), 巘 (OC *ŋ(r)ar(ʔ), “hill”), & 山 (OC *s-ŋrar, “mountain”) (Baxter & Sagart, 2014).
  • Cognate with Japhug tɯrŋa (“face”), Khroskyabs rŋá (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • Xiamen:
    • gân - literary (incl. surname);
    • hiâⁿ - vernacular.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: nguang5 / nguêng5 / hian5 / ngang5
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nguâng / nguêng / hiâⁿ / ngâng
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋueŋ⁵⁵/, /hĩã⁵⁵/, /ŋaŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
  • nguang5 - Shantou, nguêng5 - Chaozhou;
  • hian5/ngang5 - surname.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: 3nge; 3hhi
      • Sinological IPA (key): /ŋe̞²³/, /ɦi²³/
Rime
Character 顏
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 刪 (69)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 五姦切
Baxter ngaen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋˠan/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋᵚan/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋaɨn/
Li
Rong		 /ŋan/
Wang
Li		 /ŋan/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋan/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 ngaan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 顏 顏
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yán yán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngæn › ‹ ngæn ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.ŋˁrar/ /*C.ŋˁrar/
English face, forehead surname

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 顏
Reading # 1/1
No. 14405
Phonetic
component		 彦
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 顏
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋraːn/

Definitions

顏

  1. † (anatomy) forehead, especially the glabellar area
  2. countenance; facial expression
    顏面／颜面  ―  yánmiàn  ―  face, prestige
    容顏／容颜  ―  róngyán  ―  countenance; looks
  3. color; hue
    顏色／颜色  ―  yánsè  ―  color
  4. prestige; dignity
    厚顏／厚颜  ―  hòuyán  ―  brazen; shameless
  5. a surname
    顏真卿／颜真卿  ―  Yán Zhēnqīng  ―  Yan Zhenqing (Tang dynasty calligraher)

Synonyms
  • (face):
Dialectal synonyms of 臉 (“face”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 面, 顏 countenance
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 臉
Mandarin Beijing 臉兒
Taiwan 臉
Tianjin 臉
Ulanhot 臉蛋子
Tongliao 臉蛋子
Chifeng 臉
Bayanhot 臉
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 臉蛋子
Harbin 臉
Yantai (Muping) 臉
Jinan 臉
Luoyang 臉
Wanrong 臉
Kaifeng 臉
Xi'an 臉
Yinchuan 臉
Lanzhou 臉
Xining 臉
Ürümqi 臉
Ürümqi (Xigou) 臉
Ürümqi (Changshanzi) 臉
Wuhan 臉
Chengdu 臉, 盤子
Chongqing 臉, 臉巴兒
Guiyang 臉
Guilin 臉
Liuzhou 臉
Yizhou 臉, 臉盤
Luocheng (Dongmen) 臉
Tianlin (Langping) 臉包
Xuzhou 臉, 臉兒, 臉膛子
Yangzhou 臉
Xinghua 臉, 面孔
Nanjing 臉
Hefei 臉
Malaysia 臉
Singapore 臉
Mae Salong (Lancang) 臉
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 臉
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 臉
Cantonese Guangzhou 面
Hong Kong 面
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 面
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 面
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 面
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 面
Macau 面
Guangzhou (Panyu) 面
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 面
Guangzhou (Conghua) 面
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 面
Foshan 面
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 面
Foshan (Shunde) 面
Foshan (Sanshui) 面
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 面
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 面
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 面
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 面
Zhuhai (Doumen) 面
Jiangmen (Baisha) 面
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 面
Taishan 面
Kaiping (Chikan) 面
Enping (Niujiang) 面
Heshan (Yayao) 面
Dongguan 面
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 面
Qingyuan 面
Fogang 面, 面頂
Yingde (Hanguang) 面
Yangshan 面
Lianshan (Butian) 面
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 面
Shaoguan 面
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 面
Renhua 面
Lechang 面
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 面
Sihui 面
Guangning 面
Deqing 面
Huaiji 面
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 面
Yunfu 面, 面口
Xinxing 面
Luoding 面
Yunan (Pingtai) 面
Yangjiang 面
Xinyi 面, 面子蛋
Maoming (Xinpo) 面
Lianjiang 面
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 面
Nanning 面
Wuzhou 面
Yulin 面
Hepu (Lianzhou) 面
Guiping 面
Mengshan (Xihe) 面
Guigang (Nanjiang) 面
Beiliu (Tangliao) 面
Baise 面
Bobai 面
Lingshan 面
Pubei 面
Qinzhou 面
Beihai 面
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 面
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 面
Ningming 面
Hengzhou 面
Hezhou (Pumen) 面
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 面
Sanya (Yanglan Maihua) 面
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 面
Singapore (Guangfu) 面
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 面
Móng Cái 面
Gan Nanchang 臉
Lichuan 面
Pingxiang 面
Hakka Meixian 面
Xingning 面
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 面鉢
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 面
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 面
Huiyang 面鉢
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 面
Huidong (Daling) 面
Dongguan (Qingxi) 面鉢
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 面
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 面
Boluo (Bendihua) 面
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 面鉢
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 面鉢
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 面
Wuhua (Huacheng) 面
Wuhua (Changbu) 面
Wuhua (Mianyang) 面
Heyuan (Bendihua) 面
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 面
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 面
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 面
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 面
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 面
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 面
Wengyuan 面
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 面
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 面
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 面
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 面
Liannan 面
Conghua (Lütian) 面
Jiexi 面
Luhe 面
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 面
Changting 面
Wuping 面
Wuping (Yanqian) 面
Wuping (Pingyu) 面
Liancheng 面
Ninghua 面, 面嘴
Yudu 面盤
Ningdu 面
Ruijin 面
Shicheng 面
Shangyou (Shexi) 面
Tonggu (Sandu) 面
Ganzhou (Panlong) 面
Dayu 面
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 面
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 面
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 面
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 面
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 面
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 面
Hong Kong 面, 面鉢
Yangxi (Tangkou) 面
Yangchun (Sanjia) 面
Xinyi (Sihe) 面
Xinyi (Qianpai) 面
Gaozhou (Xindong) 面
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 面
Huazhou (Xin'an) 面
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 面
Lianjiang (Qingping) 面
Hengzhou (Xiaoyi) 面
Sabah (Bao'an) 面
Sabah (Longchuan) 面
Senai (Huiyang) 面鉢
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 面
Singkawang 面
Huizhou Jixi 面
Jin Taiyuan 臉
Xinzhou 臉
Taibus (Baochang) 臉
Linhe 臉
Jining 臉
Hohhot 臉
Baotou 臉
Dongsheng 眉眼
Haibowan 面
Min Bei Jian'ou 面
Min Dong Fuzhou 面
Changle 面
Fuqing 面, 面䫌
Yongtai 面
Gutian 面
Pingnan 面
Fu'an 面
Ningde 面
Shouning 面
Zhouning 面
Fuding 面
Matsu 面
Min Nan Xiamen 面
Quanzhou 面
Shishi 面
Yongchun 面
Zhangzhou 面
Zhao'an 面
Dongshan 面
Taipei 面
New Taipei (Sanxia) 面
Kaohsiung 面
Yilan 面
Changhua (Lukang) 面
Taichung 面
Tainan 面
Hsinchu 面
Kinmen 面
Penghu (Magong) 面
Penang (Hokkien) 面
Singapore (Hokkien) 面
Manila (Hokkien) 面
Longyan 面頰
Pingnan (Shangdu) 面
Pingnan (Pingtian) 面
Guiping (Xiaowen) 面
Guiping (Dongsheng) 面
Chaozhou 面
Shantou 面
Shantou (Chenghai) 面
Jieyang 面
Haifeng 面
Bangkok (Teochew) 面
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 面
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 面
Singapore (Teochew) 面
Leizhou 面
Haikou 面
Singapore (Hainanese) 面
Puxian Min Putian 面
Xianyou 面
Fuding (Aoyao) 面
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 面
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 面
Nanning (Xinxu) 面
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 面
Lingchuan (Sanjie) 面
Shehua Fu'an 面
Fuding 面
Luoyuan 面
Sanming 面
Shunchang 面
Hua'an 面
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 面包
Wu Shanghai 面孔, 面顴, 番斯
Shanghai (Chongming) 面孔
Suzhou 面孔
Danyang 面孔
Hangzhou 臉, 臉孔
Ningbo 面孔
Wenzhou 面股, 面
Jinhua 面, 面孔
Xiang Changsha 臉
Loudi 面
Shuangfeng 面
Quanzhou 臉
  • (color): 色 (sè)

Compounds
Derived terms from 顏

Japanese

Shinjitai

 顔

Kyūjitai

 顏

Kanji
顏

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 顔) [1]

  1. Kyūjitai form of 顔 (face; expression)

Readings

Usage notes

For the character commonly used in modern Japan, see 顔 instead.

References
  1. “顏”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023

Korean

Hanja

顏 • (an) (hangeul 안, McCune–Reischauer an, Yale an)

  1. face
  2. facial appearance

Miyako

Kanji

顏

  • Kun: みぱな (mipana, 顏)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [mipana]

Noun

顏 (hiragana みぱな, romaji mipana)

  1. face

Okinawan

Kanji

顏

  • Kun: ちら (chira)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [t͡ɕira]

Noun

顏 (hiragana ちら, romaji chira)

  1. face

Vietnamese

Han character

顏: Hán Nôm readings: nhan

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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