ina
Translingual
Afar
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iˈnʌ/
- Hyphenation: i‧na
Declension
Declension of iná | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
absolutive | iná | |||||||||||||||||
predicative | iná | |||||||||||||||||
subjective | iná | |||||||||||||||||
genitive | iná | |||||||||||||||||
|
Coordinate terms
- abbá (“father”)
References
- E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “ina”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie), Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
Akar-Bale
References
- M. V. Portman, Notes on the Languages of the South Andaman Group of Tribes (1898)
Akkadian
Pronunciation
- (Old Babylonian) IPA(key): /ˈi.na/
Preposition
ina
- (place) in, on, onto
- (time) on, at
- (time) during
- among
- from, out of
- (instrumental) with, by means of
- (material) of, out of, with
- (causal) because of, as a result of
- (with subjunctive) so long as
Usage notes
- Frequently abbreviated to in with assimilation of /n/ to the following consonant (often in OA, passim in OB, occasionally in SB).
Related terms
- ina lā
- ina lā īdê
Aklanon
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ʔinah]
Amis
Etymology
From Proto-Austronesian *ina.
References
- 2021, Dictionary of the Central Dialect of Amis (阿美語中部方言辭典) (in Mandarin Chinese), Taiwan: Council of Indigenous Peoples.
Asilulu
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Balinese
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Biak
Etymology
From Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Bikol Central
Etymology 1
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: i‧na
- IPA(key): /ʔiˈnaʔ/
Noun
inâ (masculine ama)
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: i‧na
- IPA(key): /ˈʔinaʔ/
Bima
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Buginese
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-South Sulawesi *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Casiguran Dumagat Agta
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Cebuano
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: i‧na
- IPA(key): /ʔiˈna/, [ʔɪˈn̪a]
Central Bontoc
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Chayuco Mixtec
Etymology
From Proto-Mixtec *ínà.
Derived terms
- ina ndiquɨhɨ
- ina nduvahu
References
- Pensinger, Brenda J. (1974) Diccionario mixteco-español, español-mixteco (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 18) (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Educación Extraescolar en el Medio Indígena, pages 16, 115
Coastal Kadazan
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Eastern Bontoc
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Esperanto
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
- IPA(key): [ˈina]
- Rhymes: -ina
- Hyphenation: in‧a
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈinɑ/, [ˈinɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -inɑ
- Syllabification(key): i‧na
Declension
Inflection of ina (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | ina | inat | ||
genitive | inan | inojen | ||
partitive | inaa | inoja | ||
illative | inaan | inoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | ina | inat | ||
accusative | nom. | ina | inat | |
gen. | inan | |||
genitive | inan | inojen inainrare | ||
partitive | inaa | inoja | ||
inessive | inassa | inoissa | ||
elative | inasta | inoista | ||
illative | inaan | inoihin | ||
adessive | inalla | inoilla | ||
ablative | inalta | inoilta | ||
allative | inalle | inoille | ||
essive | inana | inoina | ||
translative | inaksi | inoiksi | ||
instructive | — | inoin | ||
abessive | inatta | inoitta | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of ina (type kala) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Gothic
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈinɒ]
- Hyphenation: ina
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | ina | — |
accusative | inát | — |
dative | inának | — |
instrumental | inával | — |
causal-final | ináért | — |
translative | inává | — |
terminative | ináig | — |
essive-formal | inaként | — |
essive-modal | inául | — |
inessive | inában | — |
superessive | inán | — |
adessive | inánál | — |
illative | inába | — |
sublative | inára | — |
allative | inához | — |
elative | inából | — |
delative | ináról | — |
ablative | inától | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
ináé | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
ináéi | — |
Iban
Etymology
From Proto-Malayic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɪnˠə/
Particle
ina (triggers eclipsis, in regular past tenses inar)
Usage notes
“In which” may also be expressed with the indirect relative particle before the verb and the appropriate inflected form of i in its original position in the clause:
- san aois a bhfuil sé ann ― at his age (lit. in the age which he is in)
- an chathaoir a dúirt sé inti é ― the chair which he said it in
Contraction
ina
- Contraction of i (“in”) + a (various meanings).
- ‘in his’ (triggers lenition): ina phóca — ‘in his pocket’
- ‘in her’ (triggers h-prothesis): ina háit — ‘in her place, instead of her’
- ‘in their’ (triggers eclipsis: ina dteach — ‘in their house’
- ‘in which’ (triggers eclipsis, takes the dependent form of irregular verbs): ina bhfuil sé — ‘in which he is’
Related terms
Basic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de (“from”) | den | de na desna* | de mo dem* | de do ded*, det* | dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* | do mo dom* | do do dod*, dot* | dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* | i do id*, it* | ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* | le do led*, let* | lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* | ó mo óm* | ó do ód*, ót* | óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
Isnag
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Itawit
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Ivatan
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Kambera
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Kankanaey
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Karao
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Kikuyu
Etymology
Hinde (1904) records kuina as an equivalent of English sing in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu, listing also “Ulu dialect” (spoken then from Machakos to coastal area) of Kamba kwina as its equivalent.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ina/
See also
- (to sing): gũkũya
References
- Hinde, Hildegarde (1904). Vocabularies of the Kamba and Kikuyu languages of East Africa, pp. 52–53. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 361. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
- “ina” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Komodo
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Kott
Alternative spelling
- ина
References
- Бутанаев В.Я. (1992) Хакасско-кетские лексические параллели
Latin
Etymology
From Ancient Greek ἴς (ís, “sinew, tendon”).
Declension
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | īna | īnae |
Genitive | īnae | īnārum |
Dative | īnae | īnīs |
Accusative | īnam | īnās |
Ablative | īnā | īnīs |
Vocative | īna | īnae |
References
- “ina”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- ina in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Leti (Indonesia)
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Limos Kalinga
Maguindanao
Makasar
Etymology
From Proto-South Sulawesi *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Malay
Alternative forms
- inang / اينڠ
Etymology
From Proto-Malayic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Pronunciation
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): /inə/
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /inə/
- Rhymes: -inə, -nə, -ə
Noun
ina (Jawi spelling اينا, plural ina-ina, informal 1st possessive inaku, 2nd possessive inamu, 3rd possessive inanya)
- mother (female (human) who parents a child, gives birth to a baby, or is pregnant)
Synonyms
Further reading
- “ina” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mansaka
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Mayoyao Ifugao
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Mentawai
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Motu
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *ina, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Nauna
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *ina, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Ngadha
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Nias
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Noun
ina (mutated form nina)
References
- Brown, Lea (2005) "Nias." In Adelaar, Alexander & Nikolaus P. Himmelmann (eds.) The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar, p. 571. Abingdon: Routledge. →ISBN
Ojibwe
Alternative forms
- na (form used after a vowel)
Particle
ina
- question marker for yes/no questions (always placed after the first word in the sentence; used after words ending in a consonant)
- Giwiisin ina?
- Are you eating?
- but: Gigii-anokii na bijiinaago?
- Did you work yesterday?
Old Javanese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ina/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Etymology 2
Probably borrowed from Sanskrit दिन (dina, “a day”) as /d/ → /r/ (compare Javanese ꦫꦶꦤ (rina)) → /h/ → ∅, hence doublet of dina.
Derived terms
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *hiz.
Declension
Personal pronouns | |||||
Singular | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | ik | thū | hē | siu | it |
Accusative | mī, me, mik | thī, thik | ina | sia | |
Dative | mī | thī | imu | iru | it |
Genitive | mīn | thīn | is | ira | is |
Dual | 1. | 2. | - | - | - |
Nominative | wit | git | - | - | - |
Accusative | unk | ink | - | - | - |
Dative | |||||
Genitive | unkero, unka | - | - | - | |
Plural | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | wī, we | gī, ge | sia | sia | siu |
Accusative | ūs, unsik | eu, iu, iuu | |||
Dative | ūs | im | |||
Genitive | ūser | euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera | iro |
Paikoneka
References
- Swintha Danielsen, Evaluating historical data (wordlists) in the case of Bolivian extinct languages (2011), page 4
Paiwan
Etymology
From Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Noun
ina
- (vocative) mother (female (human) who parents a child, gives birth to a baby, or is pregnant)
Synonyms
Pangasinan
Etymology
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Paulohi
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Pazeh
Etymology
From Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Pipil
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): /ˈiːna/
Romansch
Sabu
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Saisiyat
Etymology
From Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Sakizaya
Etymology
From Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Samoan
Usage notes
Placed before the verb. If the verb is repeated for emphasis, it is only placed before the second repetition of the verb. It may be omitted in any situation.
San Juan Colorado Mixtec
Etymology
From Proto-Mixtec *ínà.
Derived terms
- ina ndivaahu
- ina nduvaahu
References
- Stark Campbell, Sara; et al. (1986) Diccionario mixteco de San Juan Colorado (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 29) (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 18
Sasak
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Sika
Etymology
From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Simeulue
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Swahili
Verb
ina
- inflection of -wa na:
- m-mi class subject inflected plural present affirmative
- n class subject inflected singular present affirmative
Swedish
Verb
ina (present inar, preterite inade, supine inat, imperative ina)
- making a light buzzing sound by flying (of a mosquito)
Conjugation
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ina | — | ||
Supine | inat | — | ||
Imperative | ina | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | inen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | inar | inade | — | — |
Ind. plural1 | ina | inade | — | — |
Subjunctive2 | ine | inade | — | — |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | inande | |||
Past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Anagrams
Tagalog
Etymology 1
From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina (compare Buginese ᨕᨗᨊ, Fijian tina, Ibanag yena, Laboya inya, Malay ina, Maranao ina', Nias ina, Tetum inan, Toba Batak ᯤᯉ, Yami ina), from Proto-Austronesian *ina (compare Amis ina, Kulon-Pazeh ina, and Paiwan ina).
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: i‧na
- IPA(key): /ʔiˈna/, [ʔɪˈna]
Derived terms
- ina-inahan
- inahan
- inahin
- inahing manok
- inambato
- inampalan
- inana
- inang
- inang bayan
- inang diwa
- inang wika
- inang-binyag
- inang-dalag
- inang-hagdan
- inang-kasal
- inang-kumpil
- inang-panguman
- inangpalan
- inantubig
- iniina
- mag-iina
- mag-ina
- makaina
- puki ng ina
- putang ina
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: i‧na
- IPA(key): /ʔiˈnaʔ/, [ʔɪˈnaʔ]
Noun
inâ (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ)
Derived terms
- pag-iina
Thao
Etymology
From Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Toba Batak
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Wolio
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.
Yoruba
Etymology 1
Proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ʊ́-nɪ̃ã́ or Proto-Yoruboid *ʊ́-nã́, cognate with Igala úná, Olukumi úná, Ifè iná, see Proto-Yoruboid entry *ʊ́-nã́ for more cognates. Ultimately from Proto-Volta-Congo *-na-
Alternative forms
- uná (SEY, CY)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ī.nã́/
Derived terms
- iná mànàmáná (“electricity”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ī.nã́/
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ì.nã̀/
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ì.nã̄/
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ì.nã́/
Derived terms
- dúnàádúrà (“to bargain”)
- ìnákúnàá (“wasteful spending”)
Yosondúa Mixtec
Etymology
From Proto-Mixtec *ínà.
References
- Beaty de Farris, Kathryn; et al. (2012) Diccionario básico del mixteco de Yosondúa, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 46) (in Spanish), third edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 10