他鄉

See also: 他乡

Chinese

		he; him; other	country; village
trad. (他鄉/他鄕)		他	鄉/鄕
simp. (他乡)		他	乡

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tāxiāng

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄚㄒㄧㄤ
Cantonese (Jyutping): taa¹ hoeng¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thâ-hiông
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): thaⁿ-hiong / tha-hiong

(Teochew, Peng'im): ta¹ hiên¹ / ta¹ hion¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹ta-xian

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tāxiāng
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄚㄒㄧㄤ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tasiang
  - Wade–Giles: tʻa¹-hsiang¹
  - Yale: tā-syāng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tashiang
  - Palladius: тасян (tasjan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰä⁵⁵ ɕjɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: taa¹ hoeng¹
  - Yale: tā hēung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taa¹ hoeng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ta¹ hêng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaː⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thâ-hiông
  - Hakka Romanization System: ta´ hiong´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ta¹ hiong¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰa²⁴⁻¹¹ hi̯oŋ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thaⁿ-hiong
  - Tâi-lô: thann-hiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tva'hiofng
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰã⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tha-hiong
  - Tâi-lô: tha-hiong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ta'hiofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰa⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ta¹ hiên¹ / ta¹ hion¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tha hieⁿ / tha hioⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰa³³⁻²³ hĩẽ³³/, /tʰa³³⁻²³ hĩõ³³/

Note:

ta1 hiên1 - Chaozhou;
ta1 hion1 - Jieyang.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ¹ta-xian
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ta̱⁵⁵ ɕiã²¹/

Middle Chinese: /tʰɑ hɨɐŋ/

Rime
Character	他	鄉
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	託何切	許良切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑ/	/hɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑ/	/hiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑ/	/xiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰa/	/hɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/tʰɑ/	/xiaŋ/
Wang Li	/tʰɑ/	/xĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑ/	/xi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuō	xiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	to¹	hoeng¹

Noun

他鄉

foreign land, away from one's native place
我現在身在他鄉，非常掛念家人。 [MSC, trad.]
我现在身在他乡，非常挂念家人。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ xiànzài shēn zài tāxiāng, fēicháng guàniàn jiārén. [Pinyin]
I'm away from home, and miss my family terribly.

Synonyms

外位 (Min Nan)
外地 (wàidì)
外埠 (wàibù)
外面 (wàimiàn)

外鄉／外乡 (wàixiāng)
異地／异地 (yìdì)
異鄉／异乡 (yìxiāng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (他鄉):

→ Japanese: 他(た)郷(きょう) (takyō)
→ Korean: 타향(他鄕) (tahyang)
→ Vietnamese: tha hương (他鄉)

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