許

See also: 许
許 U+8A31, 許
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A31
← 訰
[U+8A30]
CJK Unified Ideographs 訲 →
[U+8A32]

Translingual

Han character

許 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜口人十 (YROJ), four-corner 08640, composition ⿰訁午)

References

  • KangXi: page 1151, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35298
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1618, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3946, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+8A31

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hŋaʔ) : semantic 言 (“speech; words”) + phonetic 午 (OC *ŋaːʔ).

Etymology 1

trad. 許
simp. 许

Pronunciation


Note:
  • hī - vernacular;
  • hṳ̄ - literary.
Note:
  • hú/hír/hí - literary;
  • khó͘ - vernacular (surname).
Note:
  • he2 - literary;
  • kou2 - vernacular (surname).

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 許
Mandarin Beijing /ɕy²¹⁴/
Harbin /ɕy²¹³/
Tianjin /ɕy¹³/
Jinan /ɕy⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ɕy⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ɕy⁵³/
Xi'an /ɕy⁵³/
Xining /ɕy⁵³/
Yinchuan /ɕy⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕy⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ɕy⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕy⁴²/
Chengdu /ɕy⁵³/
Guiyang /ɕi⁴²/
Kunming /ɕi⁵³/
Nanjing /ɕy²¹²/
Hefei /sz̩ʷ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕy⁵³/
Pingyao /ɕy⁵³/
Hohhot /ɕy⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ɕy³⁵/
Suzhou /ɕy⁵¹/
Hangzhou /sz̩ʷ⁵³/
Wenzhou /ɕy³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ɕy³⁵/
Tunxi /ɕy³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕy⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ɕy⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕy²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /hi³¹/
Taoyuan /hi³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /høy³⁵/
Nanning /hy³⁵/
Hong Kong /høy³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hu⁵³/
/kʰɔ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /hy³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xy²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hɯ⁵³/
/kʰou⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hu²¹³/
/xɔu²¹³/

Rime
Character 許
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 虚吕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/hɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun
/hiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen
/xiɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/hɨə̆X/
Li
Rong
/xiɔX/
Wang
Li
/xĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/xi̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
heoi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 許
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xǔ
Middle
Chinese
‹ xjoX ›
Old
Chinese
/*qʰ(r)aʔ/
English place (n.); allow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 許
Reading # 1/1
No. 13180
Phonetic
component
午
Rime
group
魚
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*hŋaʔ/

Definitions

許

  1. to allow; to permit
    只許看,不許吃/只许看,不许吃  ―  zhǐ xǔ kàn, bùxǔ chī  ―  it is only permitted to look at it but not to eat it
  2. to promise
    許下承諾/许下承诺  ―  xǔ xià chéngnuò  ―  to make a promise
  3. to betroth
    我們家姑娘已經許了人家兒了。 [dialectal Mandarin, trad.]
    我们家姑娘已经许了人家儿了。 [dialectal Mandarin, simp.]
    Wǒmen jiā gūniang yǐjīng xǔ le rénjiar le. [Pinyin]
    Our miss has already been betrothed.
  4. to praise
    稱許/称许  ―  chēngxǔ  ―  to praise
  5. maybe; perhaps
  6. (literary) approximately
    下午三時許/下午三时许  ―  xiàwǔ sān shí xǔ  ―  about 3 pm
  7. so; such
    許久/许久  ―  xǔjiǔ  ―  a long time
  8. (literary) place
  9. a surname
    許慎/许慎  ―  Xǔ Shèn  ―  Xu Shen (author of Shuowen Jiezi)

Compounds

Descendants

  • → English: Hsu, Hsü, Hui, Koh, Sheu, Syu, Xu
  • → Tagalog: Co, Ko (via Hokkien)

Etymology 2

trad. 許
simp. 许

Pronunciation


Note:
  • hu2 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai;
  • hi2 - Lufeng, Haifeng.

Definitions

許

  1. (Gan, Min, Wu) that
Synonyms

Japanese

Kanji

許

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. permit
  2. approve

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

許 (eumhun 허락할 허 (heorakhal heo))

  1. Hanja form? of 허 (“approve”).

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

許: Hán Nôm readings: hứa, hớ, hở, hử, hữ, ngỏ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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