家人

Chinese

		home; family; ‑ist home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (家人)		家	人
anagram		人家

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiārén

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaa¹ jan⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ga¹ ngin³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kâ-ngìn
Min Nan (POJ): ka-jîn / ka-lîn / kia-gîn
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹jia-zen

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiārén
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiarén
  - Wade–Giles: chia¹-jên²
  - Yale: jyā-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiaren
  - Palladius: цзяжэнь (czjažɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    佳人
    家人
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaa¹ jan⁴
  - Yale: gā yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaa¹ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ga¹ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaː⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ga¹ ngin³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ka³³ ᵑɡin²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ-ngìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ga´ nginˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ga¹ ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴ ɲin¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: ka-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kajiin
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ ʑin²³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-lîn
  - Tâi-lô: ka-lîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kaliin
  - IPA (Taipei): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ lin²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia-gîn
  - Tâi-lô: kia-gîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kia'giin
  - IPA (Longyan): /kia³³⁴ ɡin¹¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ¹jia-zen
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕia̱⁵⁵ z̥əɲ²¹/

Middle Chinese: /kˠa ȵiɪn/

Rime
Character	家	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	古牙切	如鄰切
Baxter	kae	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠa/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚa/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/ka/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨ/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/ka/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/ka/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ka/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiā	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaa¹	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤra ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*kraː njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	家	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jiā	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ kæ ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁra/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	household	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	家	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	5919	10800
Phonetic component	家	人
Rime group	魚	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	嘉	仁
Old Chinese	/*kraː/	/*njin/

Noun

家人

one's family or family members
您家人身體都好嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
您家人身体都好吗？ [MSC, simp.]
Nín jiārén shēntǐ dōu hǎo ma? [Pinyin]
Is everyone in your family well?
- 之子于歸，宜其家人。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  之子于归，宜其家人。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Zhī zǐ yú guī, yí qí jiārén. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
(Classical Chinese) ordinary people; commoner; plebeian; civilian; everyday person; person of humble birth
(Classical Chinese) domestic servant
37th hexagram of the I Ching (䷤)

Synonyms

(family members):

edit

Synonyms of 家人

室 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
家室 (jiāshì)
屋下人 (Hakka)
屋企人 (Cantonese)
六親／六亲 (liùqīn)
家屬／家属 (jiāshǔ)

家庭成員／家庭成员 (jiātíng chéngyuán)
家裡人／家里人 (jiālǐrén)
親人／亲人 (qīnrén)
親屬／亲属 (qīnshǔ)
親戚／亲戚 (qīnqī)

(ordinary people):

edit

Synonyms of 家人

一般人 (yībānrén)
世人 (shìrén)
人士 (rénshì) (literary)
人民 (rénmín)
人群 (rénqún)
人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
俗人 (súrén)
俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
凡人 (fánrén)
凡夫 (fánfū) (literary)
匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
常人 (chángrén)
平人 (píngrén) (literary)
平常人 (píngchángrén)
平民 (píngmín)
庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
民人 (mínrén) (literary)
烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)

白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
百姓 (bǎixìng)
老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
良人 (liángrén) (literary)
草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
萌 (méng) (literary)
野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
黎民 (límín) (literary)
黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)
𫣆人 (Hakka)
世間人／世间人 (Min Nan)
公眾／公众 (gōngzhòng)
四眾人／四众人 (Teochew)
大眾／大众 (dàzhòng)
民眾／民众 (mínzhòng)
眾人／众人 (zhòngrén) (literary)
群眾／群众 (qúnzhòng)
萬姓／万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)

(domestic servant):

edit

Synonyms of 家人

使人 (shǐrén) (literary)
太保 (tàibǎo) (literary, honorific)
奴役 (núyì) (literary)
底下人 (dǐxiarén)
傭人／佣人 (yōngrén)
僕人／仆人 (púrén)

僕役／仆役 (púyì)
僕隸／仆隶 (púlì) (literary)
奴僕／奴仆 (núpú)
臣僕／臣仆 (chénpú) (literary)
蒼頭／苍头 (Min Dong, dated, derogatory)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
家	人
け Grade: 2	にん Grade: 1

Noun

家(け)人(にん) • (kenin)

(dated) one's family, (especially) one's wife
household; family and servants living within a house
(dated) household servants; retainers living in or frequently entering a noble family's house
(historical) a social rank just above 奴婢(ぬひ) (nuhi, “servant class”) [7th to 10th century]
(historical) alternative form of 御家人 (gokenin, “vassal”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
家	人
か Grade: 2	じん Grade: 1

Noun

家(か)人(じん) • (kajin)

the family, one's family

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.